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  • Sex tapes! Celebrity rehab! Trump hush-money trial goes full National Enquirer as Hulk Hogan, Lindsay Lohan, Charlie Sheen are name-dropped.

    A photo of Donald Trump on the cover of the National Enquirer in 2017, his first year in office.
    Donald Trump on the cover of the National Enquirer in 2017, his first year in office.

    • Trump's hush-money trial went full National Enquirer during a heated cross-examination on Thursday.
    • Stormy Daniels rep Keith Davidson was grilled by Trump's lawyer on his salacious previous cases. 
    • Charlie Sheen, Hulk Hogan, Lindsay Lohan, and Tila Tequila were all name-dropped.

    Donald Trump's hush-money trial has always had the National Enquirer as its flashy backdrop.

    But Thursday's testimony was so chock-a-block with talk of C-list celebrity sex tapes and rehab scoops, it was as if the supermarket tabloid had somehow engulfed the proceeding.

    Charlie Sheen, Hulk Hogan, Lindsay Lohan, Floyd Mayweather, Tila Tequila — all were name-dropped in morning testimony.

    What explains their cameo appearances on week two of testimony in the only-ever criminal trial of a current or former president?

    Turns out each has had a run-in with attorney Keith Davidson, a key prosecution witness who repped both former Playboy Bunny Karen McDougal and porn star Stormy Daniels.

    Manhattan prosecutors say that Trump falsified 34 business records in order to hide an illegal, election-influencing, 2016 hush-money payment to Daniels.

    On direct, Davidson told jurors how both women pursued catch-and-kill cash from the Enquirer for their tales of sex with Trump.

    On Thursday, Trump attorney Emil Bove went on the attack.

    A court sketch shows Donald Trump sitting in court alongside Emil Bove.
    Donald Trump at the defense table in his Manhattan hush money trial with attorney Emil Bove.

    Bove appeared to have one main mission in cross-examining Davidson — to create distance between Trump and his campaign on one side, and the lawyer's wheeling and dealing on the other.

    "You've never met President Trump, correct?" Bove asked Davidson, as his very first question.

    "Never," Davidson answered.

    "And Tuesday was the first time that you've been in the same room as him, right?" Bove asked.

    "That's true," the witness answered.

    "You've never spoken to President Trump?"

    "Never," he answered.

    Scandals and money

    Then Bove amped up his attack, with a series of questions suggesting that Davidson, who was a top source of stories for the Enquirer's editor, had made a career of shakedowns and scandal-mongering,

    Trump was a victim, not an instigator, in any hush-money schemes, the line of questioning implied.

    "What does the word 'extortion' mean to you?" Bove asked Davidson.

    "Extortion is the —" Davidson fumbled. "It's the obtaining of property by threat of fear or force," he said.

    "When you were negotiating on behalf of Ms. McDougal and behalf of Stormy Daniels, one of your concerns was on staying on the right side of the line with respect to extortion, correct?" Bove asked.

    "I suppose," Davidson answered, hesitantly.

    At another point, Bove asked, "In 2016, you were well-versed in getting right up to the line, without committing extortion, right?"

    "I don't understand the question," Davidson answered after a pause.

    And in this context came Thursday's onslaught of C-lister cameos.

    hulk hogan
    Hulk Hogan was name-dropped during testimony in Donald Trump's NY criminal trial.

    First, Hulk Hogan

    "Isn't it a fact that in connection with events in 2012, you were investigated by state and federal authorities for committing extortion against Terry Bollea — Hulk Hogan," Bove asked.

    Bollea was Hogan's given name.

    "That's true," Davidson answered.

    Davidson was asked about the infamous Hogan sex tape. It was Davidson who asked Hogan for cash to purchase, and bury, the tape, the witness conceded.

    "At some point in 2012, you reached out to Hulk Hogan's representatives, right?"

    "Yes," answered Davidson .

    "You made a monetary demand to Hulk Hogan's representative in order to not publish these tapes, correct?" Bove asked.

    "No," Davidson answered.

    Moments later, as Bove's cross-examination continued, Davidson backpedaled.

    "Did you ask for money?" Bove asked.

    "There was a monetary demand made," Davidson answered, vaguely.

    "Was it for purchase, so that Hulk Hogan could purchase the tapes? The rights to the tapes?" Bove asked.

    "Yes," Davidson admitted.

    Lindsay Lohan attends the 2024 Vanity Fair Oscar Party Hosted By Radhika Jones at Wallis Annenberg Center for the Performing Arts on March 10, 2024 in Beverly Hills, California.
    Lindsay Lohan also made a cameo appearance, at least by name.

    Then, Lindsay Lohan

    Davidson said he also represented an employee at the Betty Ford rehab clinic in 2010.

    And she "leaked information about the treatment of Lindsay Lohan at a rehab facility, correct?" Bove asked.

    Davidson took a very long pause, during which he took a sip of water.

    "It was reported that that's what she did," the witness answered cautiously.

    Bove noted that the story ran in TMZ, and asked "and you had connections at TMZ at the time, right?"

    "True," Davidson answered.

    "You still do, right?"

    "No. Well, perhaps," Davidson answered.

    "Perhaps," Bove responded, skeptically.

    "You helped Ms. Holland get paid in connection with what I just described, didn't you?" Bove then demanded.

    "I don't recall," Davidson answered.

    "You don't recall that TMZ paid Ms. Holland $10,000 around this time?

    "I don't recall," Davidson answered again.

    Tila Tequila
    Tila Tequila was name-dropped at the Trump hush-money trial.

    Next up: Tila Tequila

    "Do you know who Tila Tequila is?" Bove then asked suddenly of the reality TV personality.

    "I do," Davidson answered.

    "And in 2010, you took steps to broker a deal of a sex tape involving her, correct?"

    "I believe so," Davidson answered.

    Davidson was asked if he worked on that "engagement" with someone named Kevin Blatt— "sort of known as a sex tape broker, is that right?"

    "I think that's fair," Davidson answered cautiously.

    Bove asked Davidson if he recalled that "Ms. Tequila" was threatened by a man who said if she didn't pay $75,000 the sex tape would be published.

    "I don't recall that," Davidson answered.

    "You don't recall at the time of that transaction, you were on a 90-day bar suspension?" Bove pressed.

    "I don't recall that," came Davidson's answer, once again.

    Charlie Sheen
    Charlie Sheen's name also popped up at the Trump hush-money trial.

    And finally … Charlie Sheen

    The topic of the cross-examination then veered without warning to Charlie Sheen.

    "You know who Charlie Sheen is, right?" Bove asked.

    "I do," Davidson answered.

    "And you've represented some clients who you helped get paid by Charlie Sheen, right?" Bove asked.

    "I've represented several clients who had claims against Charlie Sheen," Davidson answered carefully.

    "And who you extracted sums of money from Charlie Sheen on behalf of, correct?" the Trump lawyer pushed.

    Davidson smiled.

    "There was no extraction," he answered, adding, "we asserted that there was tortious activity committed and valid settlements that were executed."

    Bove asked Davidson to talk about his representation of one Sheen accuser he said "was under the influence of methamphetamine at the time," in 2011.

    "You don't recall she was barely completing sentences when you got her to sign the letter" agreeing to Davidson's representation, Bove asked.

    "No, I don't recall that," Davidson answered.

    Davidson testified he did remember that the woman had been referred to him by Blatt, the so-called sex-tape broker. But he didn't remember if Sheen paid the woman $2 million.

    "Is it fair to say that your memory seems a little fuzzy around some of these issues?" Bove asked.

    "I've had 1,500 clients in my career," Davidson protested. "You're asking me about events that took place many, many years ago."

    "A $2 million payment is a typical payment for you on one of these cases? So much so that you don't remember it? Is that your testimony?" Bove asked, his voice rising in pitch.

    "I don't remember a settlement from 13 years ago," Davidson answered.

    Capri Anderson and Keith Davidson on the set of Good Morning America in 2010.
    Capri Anderson and Keith Davidson on the set of Good Morning America in 2010.

    At another point in the Sheen portion of Thursday's testimony, Bove asked Davidson if he remembered "extracting another settlement from Mr. Sheen" while representing Capri Anderson.

    "Again, it was no extraction," Davidson responded.

    "You got Mr. Sheen to pay, correct?" Bove asked.

    "Assuming arguendo that he did pay and that there was a settlement agreement, that settlement would be confidential," Davidson snapped. "And I would not discuss it here."

    "Look," Bove shot back. "We're both lawyers. I'm not here to play lawyer games with you. I'm just here to ask questions and get straight answers."

    The judge sustained an objection to this non-question from the prosecution.

    Davidson then invoked attorney-client privilege in declining to say if there was a settlement between Anderson and Sheen.

    Testimony continues Friday.

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  • I landed a dream internship at Tesla. Now I’m scrambling after the company cancelled my internship 3 weeks before I was set to start.

    Tesla logo in red
    • Tesla is revoking summer internship offers as the automaker grapples with layoffs.
    • One college senior said she was disappointed to lose her internship just weeks before she was set to start. 
    • Brook Gura said she turned down offers at other companies in favor of working at Tesla. 

    A college senior who scored a prestigious Tesla internship is scrambling to make new professional plans after the automaker revoked her offer less than three weeks before she was supposed to start.

    Brook Gura, 21, was looking forward to spending her summer as a recruiting intern in Tesla's human resources department, she told Business Insider this week. The senior at the University of Texas at Austin said she spent about three weeks interviewing with the company earlier this year before signing a contract with Tesla on February 29. Business Insider viewed part of Gura's offer letter from Tesla.

    "It was exciting. I was looking for a big corporate internship," Gura said. "And it was close by. I wouldn't have had to relocate."

    Gura, who said she turned down internship offers at other companies in favor of Tesla, was particularly stoked about the compensation — $26 an hour, she told BI.

    The 12-week internship was scheduled to start on May 20. Gura said she was told she would get more information about picking up a company laptop the first week of May.

    When Tesla announced layoffs last month affecting 10% of the company's workforce, Gura said she wasn't initially worried.

    "Interns are relatively cheap compared to full-time employees," she said. "I figured if they were trying to cut down, I might even be working more."

    But as Gura was studying for finals on Tuesday, she said she got a call from an unknown phone number. A couple of hours later, she received an email from a Tesla recruiter asking her to call back.

    Gura said she immediately panicked and went online to see if the company had done more layoffs. That's when she saw a LinkedIn post from another intern who had lost their offer.

    By the time she called the recruiter back, Gura said she was fairly certain she knew what was coming. The "pretty short" conversation, however, still took her by surprise.

    "They just explained the company was making cuts that were going to start impacting interns, and that meant me," Gura said. "There wasn't any room for negotiating."

    Gura said she initially started panicking over how she'd spend her last summer before she graduates in December.

    "I was upset. This was not the only internship offer I had. I picked Tesla out of other organizations," she said.

    Tesla did not immediately respond to a request for comment from Business Insider.

    Gura made her own LinkedIn post on Wednesday, asking her professional network for support and opportunities. Other would-be interns have posted about losing their Tesla internships, as well. Gura said several interns have connected in the aftermath of the cuts and are offering support to one another. She feels lucky compared to other interns who had already paid for flights and housing.

    Gura said she's trying to stay positive and look to the future.

    "Taking the time to think about this, I have learned that rejection is redirection," she wrote on LinkedIn. "While I am incredibly disappointed that I will not have the summer I intended to have, I know that this moment will only help me grow stronger as a professional."

    But she can't help but feel disappointed by the whole experience.

    "What bummed me out the most is I didn't even have the chance to showcase my skills," Gura said.

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  • Trump says RFK Jr. is ‘not a serious candidate,’ refuses to debate him because his numbers are ‘too low’

    Donald Trump and Robert F. Kennedy Jr. look into their respective cameras.
    Former President Donald Trump has stepped up his criticism of Robert F. Kennedy Jr.'s long-shot presidential campaign.

    • Donald Trump dismissed the notion that he should debate RFK Jr.
    • The former president said Kennedy "not a serious candidate."
    • Trump claimed to know little about Kennedy, despite stepping up his attacks on the long-shot rival.

    Donald Trump on Thursday scoffed at the notion that he would debate long shot presidential hopeful Robert F. Kennedy Jr. even as the former president's allies show more concern about Kennedy's campaign.

    "I don't know anything about him," Trump told reporters as he left his criminal trial in Manhattan. "Look, RFK is falling very low."

    Trump repeatedly attacked Kennedy over social media this past weekend, despite the former president's claim that he knows little about Kennedy.

    "He's, uh, not a serious candidate," Trump said on Thursday. "They say he hurts Biden. I don't know who he hurts, he might hurt me. I don't know. He has very low numbers, certainly not numbers that he can debate with. He's got to get his numbers a lot higher before he's credible."

    Early polling has also shown that Kennedy's inclusion hurts Trump.

    An NBC News national poll found that Trump led Biden by two points, but when Kennedy and other third-party hopefuls were added, Biden ended up with a two-point lead. It should be noted both outcomes are within the margin of error and illustrate the extremely close margin of the race entering the summer. According to FiveThirtyEight's weighted national polling average, Kennedy is polling at 10% while Trump and Biden are at 41.4% and 40.8% respectively.

    The former president's barrage of criticism comes after Kennedy showed genuine efforts to appeal to Trump voters.

    The noted vaccine skeptic has refused to rule out recalling the Moderna COVID-19 shot, a position held by his running mate, Nicole Shanahan. Kennedy has also expressed sympathy for some Americans convicted of charges related to the January 6, 2021, Capitol riot.

    As Politico reported, Kennedy has repeatedly appeared on more MAGA-aligned podcasts and shows. Kennedy rose to initial fame as an environmentalist in line with his family's well-known liberal views, but in recent years, he has found much more in common with the right-wing. He abandoned his primary challenge to President Joe Biden in favor of an independent run.

    Trump's refusal to debate Kennedy may not be entirely in his hands.

    The nonprofit Commission on Presidential Debates, created by both major US parties, has hosted every presidential debate since 1988. The commission has faced intense criticism over its treatment of third-party candidates. It allowed Texas businessman Ross Perot to participate in all three debates in 1992 but blocked him four years later. No third-party candidate has come close to surpassing Perot's mark of nearly 19% of the popular vote he received in 1992. Since 2000, the commission has imposed a 15% threshold in major national polls, which no third-party challenger has met.

    But Trump and his allies have been harshly critical of the debate commission. The Republican National Committee voted in 2022 to leave the commission. On Wednesday, Trump's campaign managers threatened to hold a debate without the commission if they refused the former president's request to move up the first debate, which is set for September 16 at Texas State University in San Marcos, Texas.

    Biden recently told radio host Howard Stern that he would like to debate Trump, but there is rampant speculation such a debate will never occur. The pair's first debate in 2020 was an objective disaster. The second debate was canceled after Trump refused to accept a virtual format after the then-president tested positive for COVID-19.

    While millions of Americans vote before Election Day, the debates hold a powerful place in the political calendar. In an era where Americans watch little live TV besides sports and the Oscars, the debates are frequently one of the highest-rated telecasts of an election year.

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  • Apple can’t tell you iPhone sales are booming, so it’s talking about ‘services.’ That’s a problem.

    Apple CEO Tim Cook gestures as he arrives for a meeting with Indonesia's President Joko Widodo at the Merdeka Palace in Jakarta on April 17, 2024
    Apple CEO Tim Cook is focusing on "services."

    • Apple is boasting about its "services" revenue in Q2. It didn't boast about iPhone sales, which declined.
    • Which is why Apple has been telling Wall Street that "services" are an important growth category for some time.
    • The problem: Apple's two primary growth drivers for services are at risk from antitrust suits and rules.

    Apple had a great second quarter, Apple says: The company hit an "all-time revenue record in Services," the company reports.

    But … what about the thing that actually drives Apple — the iPhone?

    There's no mention of that in Apple's press release. And if you head over to the company's financials, you can see why: iPhone sales dropped by 10% in the last three months.

    That drop isn't a surprise to Wall Street, though the cause of the decline is up for debate. Prior to Thursday's earnings, analysts had fretted that Chinese iPhone sales were soft, but on Thursday afternoon, Cook told CNBC that iPhone sales in China were up. "That may come as a surprise to some people," he deadpanned.

    Step back, though, and Apple's earnings confirm a story we've been telling you about for some time: Sales of the iPhone, which have been powering the company for a decade-plus, just aren't going to grow like they used to.

    If you want an iPhone, you have an iPhone. And iPhones are now so good that there's less reason to replace them every couple years, despite Apple's efforts to convince you that new features like a better camera or talking poop emoji are worth the upgrade. I've got an iPhone 13 Max, and it's great. So I've got no interest in moving up to the iPhone 16 Apple will show off this fall.

    Why Apple is so focused on "services"

    All of which is why Apple has increasingly been stressing its "services" business, which many people think is about sexy stuff like Apple Music and Apple TV+. But the main driver for services is really two things: the money Google pays Apple to be the default search engine on iPhones, and the money that Apple makes from in-app purchases in its App Store.

    But both of those revenue streams are facing some degree of risk. The US Department of Justice's antitrust suit against Google focuses on moves the company makes to maintain its monopoly on search — like paying Apple $20 billion for its search deal in 2022.

    And, as we've been pointing out repeatedly, Apple's App Store rules are under increasing pressure from regulators around the world — and in the EU in particular. You can debate whether those rules are built to protect customers, as Apple argues, or whether they are anti-competitive strictures meant to protect Apple, as the company's critics allege.

    Regardless, the App Store revenues are a major contributor to "services." And Apple has made it clear that it's only going to change the way it runs its App Store when it's compelled to by regulators. And that even when that happens, it's only going to do so kicking and screaming. Thursday's earnings report helps underline why.

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  • Making the power grid ‘smart’ could save us all money and prevent blackouts. Chattanooga made the $280 million investment.

    array of lightbulbs hanging dark unlit against a blue background with one lit bulb hanging lower in the center
    Let's get smart about our power grid.

    • The power grid is too old and simple for the growth of extreme weather, EVs, and renewable energy.
    • Chattanooga's utility built a $280 million smart grid, creating $2.7 billion in economic value.
    • This article is part of "Transforming Business: Infrastructure," a series exploring the advancements reshaping US infrastructure.

    It pays to be smart and Chattanooga, Tennessee, has put a whole new meaning to the phrase. The city is home to one of the nation's most advanced power grids.

    The local utility, called EPB of Chattanooga, spent $280 million to refurbish its power system with smart technologies to make a "smart grid."

    In its first 10 years, the project generated $2.7 billion worth of economic value, according to an EPB-funded study. That's not a bad return on investment.

    The US grid needs its own internet

    worker in hardhat wearing harness stands on large metal frame above a wide river with homes on the other side
    EPB workers deploy fiber optic cables across the Tennessee River.

    Smart grids like this offer a cleaner, safer, and more efficient future with lower electric bills and fewer blackouts — which is great because the way our energy system has operated for the past century isn't going to cut it for the next one.

    In most places, energy starts with a giant coal-fired power plant. From there, transmission lines zip the electricity to a substation, which lowers the voltage and pumps it into distribution lines to homes and businesses.

    Traditional Grid flowchart
    The traditional power grid carries electricity from a power plant to homes and commercial buildings.

    Electricity flows one way, from the power plant to your home, and it doesn't do much else. It's simple — and that was fine for a long time. But it's becoming a problem as the climate crisis complicates our energy supply.

    Increasingly extreme weather events are battering our electrical infrastructure and causing outages that cost American businesses an estimated $150 billion a year, according to the US Department of Energy.

    Meanwhile, climate solutions put their own pressure on the grid. Wind farms and solar panels feed energy into the system inconsistently, making it harder to pace supply with the day-to-day fluxes of electricity use.

    Renewables also complicate things by sheer numbers — rather than from 12,000 power plants, in just a few decades, the US could be drawing its power from 1 million dispersed sources, from hydropower dams to rooftop solar panels.

    At the same time, electrification, including the rise of electric vehicles, is increasing demand.

    A hand plugging in an EV charger
    A reporter with The Wall Street Journal went to over 100 electric vehicle charging stalls in California, and ran into issues at dozens of them.

    To cope, experts say, the grid needs its own internet, stat. They're calling for a digitized "smart grid."

    "It's imperative," Kevin Schneider, the chief engineer studying power systems at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, told Business Insider.

    Without smart technologies, the grid will be inefficient, leading to economic losses and slowing the transition to clean energy. An outdated grid could also fall victim to more and more blackouts.

    "If people are really asleep at the wheel, and we keep pushing further, eventually you can get to the hyperbole of a third-world power system," Schneider said.

    The American Society of Civil Engineers gave US energy infrastructure a C-minus grade in 2021, citing poor reliability and increasing threats from severe weather.

    But a Chattanooga-like transformation nationwide could save us all money, reduce carbon emissions, and prevent blackouts.

    What is a smart grid?

    A key job of any power grid is to balance electricity supply and demand. Too much power could damage the system. Not enough could leave some people in the dark.

    A smart grid automates this balancing act using a system of meters, sensors, controllers, and computers.

    Smart Grid Flowchart
    A smart grid uses sensors, controllers, and increased computing to collect data, send information and commands to all parts of the grid, and integrate renewables and EVs.

    Smart grids can also help businesses, factory operators, or homeowners make better-informed decisions about when and how to use energy, whether they want to save money, reduce emissions, or both.

    "It can send information along with electricity," Joshua Rhodes, a research scientist studying smart grids at the University of Texas at Austin, told BI.

    For example, "it can control a fleet of air conditioners and maybe can turn them off for 15 minutes at a time" to optimize energy costs, he said.

    How Chattanooga made its grid smart

    utility worker wearing safety goggles and yellow hard hat standing in a cherry picker holds onto power line cable next to utility pole above a green lawn in front of house among green trees
    EPB spent four years installing initial smart-grid technology, including a fiber optic network.

    EPB of Chattanooga first needed a system to communicate with all the smart devices it would install. It couldn't make significant upgrades to its system without it.

    "Everything that you looked to do, the limitation was communications," David Wade, the CEO of EPB of Chattanooga, told BI.

    Fiber optics would do the trick — and allow EPB to start offering TV, internet, and phone services.

    With the prospect of revenue and a mission as a public utility to improve quality of life, the EPB board of directors approved a plan in 2008.

    With $169 million from a municipal bond issue for the project, workers started digging trenches and climbing poles to lay new fiber optic cables across Hamilton County.

    utility workers in hard hats handle thick bundles of fiber optic cable which a vehicle arm is lifting upward toward power lines
    EPB installed fiber optic cables across its power system.

    The project was supposed to take 10 years, but a $111.5 million grant from the Department of Energy accelerated the process, basically cutting time to completion in half. The utility finished building its smart grid in 2012.

    In just four years, EPB had laid its fiber-optic network and linked it to more than 180,000 smart meters in customers' homes and businesses. It also installed about 1,200 automated smart switches, which open or close the flow of power in response to automated software or remote commands from human operators.

    The smart switches can rapidly reroute energy around fallen power lines that would otherwise cause a blackout. That means the system self-heals, restoring power in seconds.

    long bar-shaped black device with cylinder on top connected to power lines
    EPB installed smart devices from S&C Electric Company to make its self-healing system for restoring power during blackouts.

    As a result, EPB has reported a 55% annual decrease in outage minutes, or about 19 million outage minutes a year.

    Previously, dispatchers had to drive to each switch to manually open or close it.

    "It's making the same decisions that we were making as dispatchers and humans, only probably making them a multitude of times faster," Wade said.

    In the following decade, EPB spent another $115.5 million expanding its smart grid to new housing and commercial developments.

    Smart grids are more efficient

    electricity substation illustration with machines smiling computer screens and power lines
    Smart grid infrastructure, like the substations that convert energy to a usable voltage, can be more efficient.

    Because the smart grid automates the balance of supply and demand — helping ensure there's no more energy in the system than people are using at different times of the day — it's more efficient.

    That reduces energy waste and emissions.

    In the EPB-funded study period, 2014 to 2020, the EPB grid emitted 8,300 fewer tons of CO2 than it would have if it weren't smart. That's almost as much as Taylor Swift's private jet emitted in the first half of 2022.

    Those carbon savings came partly from reduced energy use and partly because of reduced truck miles since dispatchers no longer had to drive to every switch for every outage.

    It's not just blackouts. On a larger scale, a smarter grid could adapt better to the surge of renewables.

    wind turbine in a field of turbines against blue sky mountains in the background
    Wind turbines in Palm Springs, California.

    For example, take the Pacific Intertie — a highway of transmission lines that carry hydropower from the Columbia River all the way down to Southern California. The system may need to send power in the other direction more often as solar energy proliferates in the state's south.

    "We had a cold snap up north. It was relatively sunny down south, and suddenly power was flowing the other direction," Schneider said.

    Having software and automated equipment to handle that process could make it much more efficient and help the system quickly adapt to unforeseen changes.

    In other words, a smart grid is designed to do more than one thing.

    "We're going to start to see more things like that, where the system was designed to do X, and we're seeing ABCDEFG," Schneider said.

    Smart grids can bring huge economic benefits

    Even Congress knows the nation needs a smart grid. In 2007, it directed the Department of Energy to start doling out grants to make it happen.

    That's the program that gave EPB a boost, and it has spent billions on smart-grid infrastructure nationwide.

    It seems like the kick start worked. In 2020, the department estimated that smart-grid investments would rise to $16.4 billion annually by 2026 — compared with about $6.4 billion in 2018.

    Though a smart grid requires a big up-front investment, it can save a lot of money down the line.

    utility worker in jeans sweatshirt and hardhat sits and controls a long arm that's raising a large rectangular metal device toward power lines above
    The expenses of installing smart grid technology paid off for Chattanooga.

    The study of EPB's smart grid, for instance, valued the benefits to each Hamilton County resident at about $646 a year in the project's first 10 years.

    That's because the project created more than 9,500 jobs, helped attract new businesses with cost-efficient energy and high-speed internet, and kept customers' electric bills lower than they would have been without the smart grid, the study found. Each household saved about $93 a year on electricity bills.

    Add it all up, and the smart grid with its fiber-optic internet provided $2.7 billion worth of economic value in its first 10 years, the study found.

    The future of our power system

    In an ideal future, each new wave of grid technology could integrate seamlessly into the smart system. Large-scale energy storage could provide backup to power communities when the sun isn't shining or the wind isn't blowing enough.

    Someday, smart appliances in your home could weigh your personal schedule against peak electricity demand and pricing, as well as timing for minimal carbon emissions, to calculate the perfect time to wash your dishes or heat your house. That could translate into major savings on your electricity bill and your carbon footprint.

    "I think tomorrow's grid really becomes: How do you take that massive proliferation of devices and optimize those for the good of the whole?" Wade said.

    We're still far from that world, but some utilities are rising to the occasion. Nationwide, there are hundreds of microgrids — small, local areas that can operate independently of the larger grid if needed.

    In the case of a major blackout, they can lock themselves out of the larger grid and rely on their own solar panels or backup batteries. Microgrids are key to a larger smart grid and unprecedented energy resilience.

    Chattanooga is testing a microgrid around its police- and fire-department headquarters.

    "Today, we are much better positioned than any utility I know of in adding distributed assets to the grid and creating microgrids," Wade said.

    He added: "It'll get smarter."

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  • Top Gear gets early look at Cybertruck update that’ll help prevent fingers from being crushed in the ‘frunk’

    The camping accessories for the Tesla Cybertruck, including the "Cybertent"
    Tesla's Cybertruck includes a camping option, which was recently tested by Top Gear.

    • Top Gear recently tested the Tesla Cybertruck's camping accessories.
    • There's a software update for sensors that will hopefully prevent smashed fingers, as well as a sleek new cooler.
    • The "Cybertent," which is integrated into the truck bed, sells for about $3,000.

    The Top Gear crew took the Cybertruck camping and got an early look at some upcoming features, as well as a glimpse at a new, stainless steel place for owners of the electric pickup to store their ice-cold drinks.

    The video shows Top Gear editor in chief Jack Rix testing out the "frunk," the front storage space under the Cybertruck's hood.

    The frunk's sharp edges have been cause for concern, especially with some viral videos showing that the closing hood was capable of slicing through carrots — and possibly, misplaced fingers.

    Cybertruck owners can breathe a little easier, though, since the vehicle is apparently getting a software update to improve the sensor, Rix said.

    Using a banana as a test, Rix showed the automatic sensors quickly sensed the foreign object and swung up without any injury to the finger-shaped fruit.

    Rix also showed off the "Cybercooler," which is exactly what it sounds like: a portable cooler "that looks a little bit like a Cybertruck."

    Don't feel bad if you've never heard of the Cybercooler. It hasn't been released — or even mentioned before — by Tesla. (Promotional images for the Cybertruck show nondescript, regular coolers).

    As Rix noted, the cooler shown in the video is a "one-of-one" prototype.

    "Please excuse some of the slightly scruffy edges," he said; though, if the prototype was chipped or dented in any way, it wasn't visible to the camera.

    The video showed Rix and another person carrying the cooler out of the frunk. It looks slightly wider than the average camping cooler, though it's unclear how spacious it is inside.

    In the video, Rix said the Cybercooler would be "very useful" for offroading and "smashing around in the desert."

    "Full of ice and full of beers — I mean, water," he joked.

    Though designed for the "frunk," there doesn't seem to be any reason the cooler can't be carried in the bed of the Cybertruck. That may be helpful for drivers who need flexible storage arrangements, especially given some concerns about the lack of space in the frunk.

    The cooler was included in the video as part of Cybertruck's "Basecamp" line of camping accessories.

    It's not clear how much the Cybercooler will end up costing; the Cybertent, which extends out from the bed of the electric pickup, is currently on sale for approximately $3,000.

    "It is, let's face it, an obscene amount of money," Rix said in the video, though he acknowledged its "high-end design."

    Unlike other vehicular camping accessories, which are typically mounted and exposed, the Cybertent is designed to fit under the tonneau cover. Rix noted that "tent mode" will level out the suspension and open up the cover and can be activated remotely.

    "It's a really clever piece of integration," he said. "And if you've got money to burn, well, I'll be ticking that box."

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  • The best cheap cell phone plans in 2024

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    Visible Wireless sim card outside of phone.
    There are a variety of cheap cell phone plans that may be worth your while.

    The best cheap cell phone plans offer all of the following criteria without compromise — dependable coverage, fast service speeds, and as much data as you need at affordable prices. Usually, affordable plans come from mobile virtual network operators (or MVNOs) and standalone budget-friendly carriers, and choosing the plan for you will come down to your budget and priorities.

    Among the best cheap cell phone plans, it's hard to beat our top pick, US Mobile's Unlimited Starter plan with 35GB of data on either Verizon's or T-Mobile's networks starting at $29/month for a single line, or $23/month with an annual payment. If you want to extend your savings further, we recommend Tello Mobile's Build Your Own plan, which can cost as low as $5/month. 

    Our top picks for the best cheap phone plans

    Best overall: US Mobile (Unlimited Starter plan) – See at US Mobile

    Best true budget plan: Tello Mobile (Build Your Own plan) – See at Tello

    Best unlimited plan: Visible Wireless (Visible+ plan) – See at Visible

    Best international plan: US Mobile (Unlimited Premium plan) – See at US Mobile

    Best overall

    US Mobile's Unlimited Starter plan for $29/month is the gold standard in MVNO and budget-friendly plans. It easily meets and exceeds expectations as a value-forward plan with superior and unique features that directly benefit you, the customer.

    Like many budget-friendly carriers, US Mobile operates on a major carrier's network. In this regard, US Mobile is unique. Where you typically only have access to one major carrier's network, US Mobile offers the choice between Verizon's or T-Mobile's full network, including their fast high-band 5G networks. You can even switch networks as often as twice a month, so you can try which works best for you for everyday use, whether for coverage or data speeds or for a particular scenario, like traveling. 

    The US Mobile app running on a Samsung Galaxy S24 Plus.
    US Mobile's Unlimited Starter plan stands alone in offering 35GB of prioritized monthly data.

    Worthy of note, US Mobile's names for Verizon's and T-Mobile's networks are "Warp" and "GSM," respectively. Only the Warp network comes with premium prioritized data, whereas the GSM network includes deprioritized data. However, we can't say we've felt much of an impact from deprioritization in our testing of the GSM or T-Mobile's network, nor can we really tell, as there's no indication or notification specifying as much. 

    Whichever network you pick, US Mobile's Unlimited Starter plan price stays the same even if you switch. 

    The Unlimited Starter plan's 35GB of high-speed data should be more than enough for the vast majority of users. If you do end up using more than 35GB, US Mobile reduces your data speeds to 1Mbps until the end of the billing cycle, which is significantly faster and more usable than the reduced speeds on other carriers that vary between dubiously slow 40 and 256Kbps speeds. 

    To be sure, some carriers like Visible don't reduce speeds at all, no matter how much data you use. Instead, they offer deprioritized data that can potentially slow down without warning when the host network is experiencing congestion. That's a great proposition, but we feel the option to pick which host network works for you, as well as other benefits listed here, are more valuable.

    US Mobile offers multi-line discounts, which is also unique among budget-friendly carriers and ideal for families or groups.

    You get even more value with the annual payment option, which reduces US Mobile's Unlimited Starter monthly price to $23/month ($276 for the year). And to top it all off, taxes and fees are included, so the price you see advertised is the price you pay. 

    Read our full US Mobile review

    Best true budget plan

    The varied plans from Tello Mobile are the cheapest options we can recommend, and they offer the most customization.

    With Tello's Build Your Own plan, in particular, you can adjust the minutes and data allotment for each line on your account, making it a great choice to cover the basics for kids, grandparents, students, or anyone who uses a minimum amount of data or is simply on a budget.

    Tello Mobile app shown on a phone in hand.
    Tello's Build Your Own plan could be your most affordable option, depending on how you structure it.

    As you build your plan, you choose your monthly data amount (from no data to 1GB, 2GB, 5GB, 10GB, 15GB, or unlimited) and your monthly minutes (none, 100, 300, 500, or unlimited), the combination of which adds up to $5/month at the cheapest and $25/month at the most expensive. 

    The Build Your Own plan is particularly enticing if you want to specify a data allotment on a per-line basis — for example, setting data limits for a kid who just got their first phone while allowing them unlimited minutes. 

    Read our full Tello Mobile review.

    Best unlimited plan

    For truly unlimited data and extensive coverage, Verizon's budget-friendly carrier, Visible Wireless, has an excellent option with its Visible+ plan at $45/month. 

    While the Visible+ plan has the highest price point of all the MVNOs we've included in this list, it provides by far the most high-speed monthly data and the closest approximation to "unlimited" data, as it guarantees 50GB of premium prioritized data while your phone is connected to Verizon's basic 5G and LTE networks before you experience any form of data speed deprioritization. The Visible+ plan also offers unlimited premium prioritized data while your phone is connected to Verizon's fast high-band 5G "Ultra Wideband" network. 

    Visible Wireless app shown on a phone screen in hand.
    The Visible+ plan on Visible Wireless is your best bet for an affordable "unlimited" experience.

    By offering deprioritized data after using up to 50GB of data, you shouldn't notice a difference in data speeds or usability unless you're in an area experiencing heavy network traffic at the specific time you're using your phone. Even if your data is actively being deprioritized, you may not even notice.

    For those who use a lot of data and call for a truly unlimited plan, that's an enticing proposition, as some MVNOs and budget-friendly carriers dramatically reduce speeds to frankly unusable speeds until the next billing cycle if you exceed your plan's allotted data. 

    The Visible+ plan also provides extended coverage with 5G "Ultra Wideband" areas, though Verizon's standard coverage (and the Visible base plan's coverage) is already very good. Before signing up, check Visible's coverage map to ensure you're covered.  

    Visible recently updated its plans with an annual payment option (versus the standard monthly payment option) that reduces the Visible+ plan's price from $45/month to $33/month (totaling $395/year), which is incredible value and should be considered if making an annual payment is an option. 

    Read our full Visible Wireless review.

    Best international plan

    It's surprising that so many budget-oriented carriers and plans have any international features at all, and some have pretty decent ones, too. However, none have anything quite as comprehensive as US Mobile's Unlimited Premium plan. Just make sure to pick or switch to US Mobile's "GSM" network before you set off, as the "Warp" network doesn't include nearly as many international features. 

    With US Mobile's Unlimited Premium plan, you get unlimited calling and texting from the US to over 200 countries. If you're traveling abroad to one of the 180 supported countries, you get 5GB or 10GB of data and 500 or 1,000 minutes and texts, depending on the country. (Unfortunately, US Mobile doesn't make it abundantly clear which countries support how much data or how many minutes and texts.)

    A closeup of a phone screen showing the US Mobile name and 5G signal bars.
    International features abound with the Unlimited Premium plan on US Mobile's T-Mobile-backed network, GSM.

    If the premium price tag is out of reach, US Mobile's Unlimited Starter plan has similar international features with reduced minutes, texts, and data that might still be enough for your needs — 1GB of data and 150 minutes/texts.

    No doubt, at $50/month, US Mobile's Unlimited Premium plan is on the pricier side when thinking about "cheap" cell phone plans, but keep in mind that US Mobile offers an annual payment option that reduces the price to $37.50/month (totaling $450/year).

    Alternatively, if you don't need as much domestic data as the Unlimited Premium plan offers in a typical month, you can sign up for US Mobile's Unlimited Starter plan on a monthly basis, so you pay less when you're at home and only upgrade to the Unlimited Premium plan for the month(s) you're traveling. 

    Read our full US Mobile review

    How we test cell phone plans

    Google Fi Wireless SIM card in open slot on phone.
    We thoroughly review each plan we include in our guides.

    In our testing, we spend at least a week with a specific plan from a phone carrier, often longer, and primarily assess the quality of the plan and carrier by the following criteria:

    • Plan offerings and flexibility: We consider the pricing and features included in a carrier's range of plans and assess its flexibility in allowing you to switch out of or between plans. 
    • Coverage area: For MVNOs, we note the approximate coverage area provided by the network or networks backing a budget carrier and evaluate whether particular locations consistently match their purported coverage type (e.g., 5G or 4G/LTE). 
    • Service reliability and speeds: In consistent testing locations, we assess the reliability of phone and video calls, note how fast videos and apps load over cellular data, and, with MVNOs, mark any apparent effects of deprioritization on service speeds.  
    • Customer support: We make a holistic assessment of a carrier's customer support system and online (or in-person) user experience for setup, use, and troubleshooting. 

    We also take into account secondary considerations such as ongoing discounts and any other notable perks or outstanding features.

    What to look for in a cheap cell phone plan

    Tello Mobile app dial pad on smartphone.
    A cheap cell phone plan should suit your budget without compromising on coverage.

    If you aren't in the market for the best cell phone plans from major carriers, you have no shortage of options for spending less on a phone plan, as affordable carriers have proliferated in recent years. 

    The best cheap cell phone plan for you will primarily reflect your needs for monthly data and minutes, the constraints of your budget, and the coverage of your local area by the network or networks backing a particular plan. 

    We set a few baseline criteria in choosing plans for this guide, in that all the plans listed above cost no more than $50/month and, as with most MVNO plans, do not require a contract.

    Before signing up for a service, take a granular look at the coverage map that an MVNO should make readily accessible on their website — marking the US network range of its backing carrier — and appraise the coverage of your location to ensure dependable service.

    Best overall
    Mint Mobile review: Mint mobile app and SIM card on phone
    Mint Mobile is our favorite budget carrier across the board, and its three-month plans are a stellar deal for new customers.

    Mint Mobile's prepaid plans for three, six, or 12 months offer affordable options for customers to easily manage all lines on their plan in one place and adjust their data allotments at any time. 

    Your best point of entry into the Mint Mobile landscape is its current new customer promotion that sets its three-month plans at the following reduced rates: $15/month for 5GB, $20/month for 15GB, $25/month for 20GB, and $30/month for "unlimited" data, which includes 40GB of high-speed data (subject to deprioritization in congested areas), with slower speeds once you've hit that cap.

    The overall experience as a customer is what makes Mint Mobile stand out among the competition. Its user-friendly setup and app experience, readily accessible support and FAQs, and easy-to-understand language make it an easy recommendation in addition to the price point.

    However, after your promotional three months are up, any of Mint's 12-month plans will provide the most savings, as the monthly price and data remain the same as the three-month plans. All are great deals; in particular, the 5GB ($15/month) and 15GB ($20/month) plans are well-priced considering the competition.

    Consider your data usage patterns before signing up, but know that you can change your plan at any time with no added cost with Mint's excellent app or website.

    Read our full Mint Mobile review

    Best true budget plan
    Tello Mobile app shown on a phone in hand.
    Tello's Build Your Own plan could be your most affordable option, depending on how you structure it.

    The varied plans from Tello Mobile are the cheapest options we can recommend, and they offer the most customization.

    With Tello's Build Your Own plan, in particular, you can adjust the minutes and data allotment for each line on your account, making it a great choice to cover the basics for a teen, grandparent, student, or anyone who uses a minimum amount of data or is simply on a budget.

    As you build your plan, you choose your monthly data amount (from no data to 500MB, 1GB, 2GB, 5GB, 10GB, or unlimited) and your monthly minutes (none, 100, 300, 500, or unlimited), the combination of which adds up to $5/month at the cheapest and $29/month at the most expensive. 

    The Build Your Own plan is particularly nice if you want to specify a data allotment per line — for example, setting data limits for a teen who just got their first phone while allowing them unlimited minutes. 

    Read our full Tello Mobile review.

    Best unlimited plan
    Visible Wireless app shown on a phone screen in hand.
    The Visible+ plan on Visible Wireless is your best bet for an affordable "unlimited" experience.

    For high-speed data and extensive coverage, Verizon has your back with Visible Wireless. Our top pick for a budget unlimited plan is Visible's upgraded Visible+ plan, available (until February 14) at a promotional rate of $35/month for up to two years — a $10 monthly discount from its typical $45/month rate.

    While the Visible+ plan has the highest price point of all the MVNOs we've included in this list, even with its current promotion, it also provides by far the most high-speed monthly data and the closest approximation to "unlimited" data, as it guarantees 50GB of high-speed data before you experience any form of deprioritization.

    Most of the nominally "unlimited" plans from MVNOs — including Visible's base unlimited plan ($25/month) — offer data subject to deprioritization at any time behind the higher-paying customers of the MVNO's backing network. If you're in an area with a lot of network congestion, you could encounter deprioritized speeds at any time on such an "unlimited" plan, but you won't see any deprioritization within your monthly allotment of  50GB of high-speed data on the Visible+ plan.

    The Visible+ plan also provides extended coverage with 5G "Ultra Wideband" areas, though Verizon's standard coverage (and the Visible base plan's coverage) is already very good. Before signing up, check Visible's coverage map to ensure you're covered.  

    Read our full Visible Wireless review.

    Best international plan
    A hand holding the device for Google Fi Wireless.
    Google Fi Wireless' Flexible plan offers the best international options on a budget.

    Google Fi Wireless has three plans at different pay tiers, each offering access to coverage provided by T-Mobile and basic benefits like VPN usage and select smartwatch compatibility. 

    The low-tier Flexible plan allows for pay-what-you-use monthly data at $10/GB plus a base monthly rate of $20 per phone line. That's expensive compared to other MNVOs on this list, and Google Fi doesn't come especially recommended if you don't need international features.  

    If you need international features, though, Google Fi's Flexible plan includes international roaming for the same price as domestic data usage at $10/GB, so you won't have to worry about being charged an exorbitant price while using your phone internationally. Even if you use more data while you're away, a feature called Bill Protection, unique to the Flexible plan, caps your monthly cost at $80 for a single line to prevent excessive fees from overages. 

    Google Fi also offers free texting from the US to over 200 destinations and while traveling internationally.

    Given that you have a "Designed for Fi" device (like a Google Pixel phone or a range of other Android phones featured in their list of compatible devices), you might be a great match for Google Fi, particularly if you frequently travel overseas.

    Read our full Google Fi Wireless review

    How we test cell phone plans
    Google Fi Wireless SIM card in open slot on phone.
    We thoroughly review each plan we include in our guides.

    In our testing, we spend at least a week with a specific plan from a phone carrier, often longer, and primarily assess the quality of the plan and carrier by the following criteria:

    • Plan offerings and flexibility: We consider the pricing and features included in a carrier's range of plans and assess its flexibility in allowing you to switch out of or between plans. 
    • Coverage area: For MVNOs, we note the approximate coverage area provided by the network or networks backing a budget carrier and evaluate whether particular locations consistently match their purported coverage type (e.g., 5G or 4G/LTE). 
    • Service reliability and speeds: In consistent testing locations, we assess the reliability of phone and video calls, note how fast videos and apps load over cellular data, and, with MVNOs, mark any apparent effects of deprioritization on service speeds.  
    • Customer support: We make a holistic assessment of a carrier's customer support system and online (or in-person) user experience for setup, use, and troubleshooting. 

    We also take into account secondary considerations such as ongoing discounts and any other notable perks or outstanding features.

    What to look for in a cheap cell phone plan
    Tello Mobile app dial pad on smartphone.
    A cheap cell phone plan should suit your budget without compromising on coverage.

    If you aren't in the market for the best cell phone plans from major carriers, you have no shortage of options for spending less monthly on a phone plan, as affordable carriers have proliferated in recent years. 

    The best cheap cell phone plan for you will primarily reflect your needs for monthly data and minutes, the constraints of your budget, and the coverage of your local area by the network or networks backing a particular plan. 

    We set a few baseline criteria in choosing plans for this guide, in that all the plans listed above cost less than $50/month and, as with most MVNO plans, do not require a contract.

    Before signing up for a service, take a granular look at the coverage map that an MVNO should make readily accessible on their website — marking the US network range of its backing carrier — and appraise the coverage of your location to ensure dependable service.

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  • The US military killed a shepherd it mistook for a terrorist leader in a drone strike, investigation finds

    An MQ-1 Predator flies above the flight line during launch and recovery training at Creech Air Force Base, Nev.
    An MQ-1 Predator flies above the flight line during launch and recovery training at Creech Air Force Base, Nev.

    • A Washington Post investigation revealed US forces mistakenly killed a civilian in a drone strike.
    • The strike, conducted in Syria in 2023, was intended to hit an al-Qaeda operative.
    • Central Command maintains the strike complied with the law of armed conflict.

    A Washington Post investigation revealed Thursday that US forces killed a shepherd in a drone strike after mistaking him for a top al-Qaeda official.

    "On May 3, 2023, the United States conducted a unilateral counterterrorism air strike in Northwest Syria targeting a senior Al Qaeda leader," US Central Command said in statement on Thursday, almost a year after the incident. "The investigation determined U.S. forces misidentified the intended Al Qaeda target and that a civilian, Mr. Lufti Hasan Masto (Masto), was struck and killed instead."

    The Washington Post began its investigation in May 2023 following the fatal strike, calling into question the identity of the al-Qaeda operative who US officials said had been slain. A month later, the US military began its own investigation into the incident.

    Central Command said its investigation revealed that there were "several issues" with the operation but did not explain exactly how it failed to identify its target.

    Masto, a shepherd, was 56 years old and living in the Syrian town of Qorqanya. On the day he died, an American Predator drone tracked him down and fired Hellfire missile, which landed behind his home.

    According to Central Command's investigation, the strike was conducted in compliance with Central Command and Department of Defense policies, as well as the law of armed conflict.

    A defense official told The Washington Post on the condition of anonymity that the American drone strike was botched due to the decision-making and accuracy, or "confirmation bias and insufficient red teaming" issues among personnel.

    The Washington Posted determined that it's still unclear who the intended target was and whether anyone will be held accountable for the inaccurate strike.

    Central Command said in its statement Thursday that it "acknowledges and regrets the civilian harm that resulted from the airstrike," adding that CENTCOM takes "all reports of civilian harm caused by U.S. military operations seriously and continue to employ thorough and deliberate targeting and strike processes to minimize civilian harm."

    This isn't a first. The US military has made other similar mistakes in the past, such as when it initially celebrated eliminating an imminent threat with a fatal drone strike during the Afghanistan withdrawal only to discover later that it actually killed an aid worker and nine others, including seven children.

    A New York Times investigation first brought that deadly incident to light. None of the service members involved in that strike were punished. Civilians have, on many occasions, been collateral damage in the wars in the Middle East.

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  • We’re reading: How Facebook’s AI ‘Shrimp Jesus’ is creating a zombie internet

    Shrimp Jesus, a generative AI image on Facebook
    Jesus comes in multiple crustacean forms on the generative AI Facebook page called Love God &God Love You.

    • 404 Media has been reporting on the proliferation of AI spam images like "Shrimp Jesus" for a few months now.
    • The culmination is a kind of "zombie internet" – fake people posting fake stuff.
    •  So why isn't Facebook putting a stop to it? Here's my take.

    404 Media has been pulling the thread of the great mystery of "What the heck is going on with all this AI image spam on Facebook?" Over the last few months, they've reported on various versions of AI people doing chainsaw carvings, children showing off bicycles made of vegetables, old people blowing out birthday cakes, dying or mutilated children, and my personal favorite: Shrimp Jesus.

    Finally, Jason Koebler presents his theory of what all this AI engagement bait spam means:

    I think we should not view Facebook's AI spam through the lens of the "Dead Internet." The platform has become something worse than bots talking to bots. It is bots talking to bots, bots talking to bots at the direction of humans, humans talking to humans, humans talking to bots, humans arguing about a fake thing made by a bot, humans talking to no one without knowing it, hijacked human accounts turned into bots, humans worried that the other humans they're talking to are bots, hybrid human/bot accounts, the end of a shared reality, and, at the center of all of this: One of the most valuable companies on the planet enabling this shitshow because its human executives and shareholders have too much money riding on the mass adoption of a reality-breaking technology to do anything about it. 

    Read more from 404 Media: Facebook's AI Spam Isn't the 'Dead Internet': It's the Zombie Internet

    My take: The weird and sometimes unsettling nature of AI images is fascinating, but underneath the phenomenon of these AI-powered pages proliferating, there appears to be a classic case of traditional engagement bait. The AI stuff builds up a page's following — and that can be profitable for the page owner.

    The question I'm left with is why is Facebook allowing this? 404 Media's report notes that occasionally, Meta will take action against certain pages, but only in really specific cases — like with a hacked account and when it removed AI-generated images of disfigured children. Those probably ran afoul of some other existing content guidelines.

    I have a few theories about why Facebook is (for now) allowing this kind of AI image spam:

    • It's an election year, and Facebook has bigger content-moderation issues to deal with.

    • The images themselves are mostly benign, and the individual images don't run afoul of content guidelines. Shrimp Jesus is absurd, and things like it may ruin the Facebook experience in the long run, but for now, it's not really an issue of violating the content rules.

    • Engagement bait isn't necessarily a banned tactic, either. Nothing says you can't post lots of engaging content to trick boomers (and others) into commenting. There are ways to violate the rules with certain spam tactics, but maybe these AI-fueled accounts aren't crossing the line.

    • Facebook will start to detect and label some AI-generated images, but there's no rule that says you can't post something just because it's AI-generated. (When I asked about how they're handling these, a rep for Meta pointed me to their announcement of this policy.)

    • (404 Media's theory): Meta is so invested in AI that it wants us to get used to seeing AI images, and so they're willing to let it go.

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  • Israel is retiring its Patriot missile batteries. They could help a struggling Ukraine.

    US soldiers participate in Patriot missile training at Mount Eitam, Israel in 2018.
    US soldiers participate in Patriot missile training at Mount Eitam, Israel in 2018.

    • Israel has never been impressed with the US-made Patriot air defense system.
    • In 1991, it failed to intercept nearly all of the Iraqi Scud missiles fired at Israeli cities.
    • Israel may not need the Patriots, but Ukraine is pleading for more. 

    Israel has never been satisfied with its version of the Patriot air defense system that Ukraine views as essential to its survival.

    This creates a bizarre split screen where Ukraine was all but pleading for more Patriot missiles to defend its cities and forces on Monday even as Israel began to shut down its older Patriot batteries, a move that came less than a month after it battled an unprecedented missile barrage from Iran.

    Israel and Ukraine's experience with the Patriots could not have been more different. Israel first used Patriots in combat in 1991 against approximately 40 Scud ballistic missiles that Iraq fired at its cities. While the bombardments did not kill large numbers of people, Israel was disappointed with the Patriot's pitiful performance, with officials estimating it shot down only one or possibly even zero Scuds.

    Israel wouldn't use the Patriot in combat again until the 2010s when it shot down drones and a Su-24 bomber coming from Syria. By then, the Patriot had become a very different system. Its early failures, including against Iraqi Scuds, led to an extensive system upgrade and missiles with an active radar seeker that directly strike the target to destroy it with kinetic energy. These newer "hit-to-kill" missiles, the PAC-3, are estimated to cost around $4 million each. Their less sophisticated PAC-2 predecessor, on the other hand, are proximity-fusing missiles that explode near incoming missiles to eliminate them.

    Since receiving its Patriots, with both PAC-2 and PAC-3 interceptor missiles, in early 2023, Ukraine has successfully used them to shoot down Russia's Kinzhal missile, which Russia touted as an unstoppable hypersonic weapon, and, early this year, moved at least one launcher near the front lines and shot down a dozen of Russia's best fighter jets.

    The Patriot is only part of Israel's missile shield that's been heavily tested by Iran and its proxies in the wake of Hamas' Oct. 7 terror attacks. Israel has other options that are cheaper or built inside its country.

    "Israel has long been looking for a more advanced and more indigenous system to supplement or replace the Patriot, not only given its service history but also the supply chain that it requires," Ryan Bohl, a senior Middle East and North Africa analyst at the risk intelligence company RANE, told Business Insider.

    "That this comes not long after Iran's barrage of missiles against Israel isn't a huge surprise with that ongoing trend," Bohl said. "I think Israel views the Patriot as out of date and too expensive to keep up with given the breakthroughs that were demonstrated during that barrage by newer systems."

    The Patriot air defense system was test-fired during a 2017 training in Greece.
    A Patriot air defense system test-fired during a training in Chania, Greece, on November 8, 2017.

    Federico Borsari, a defense expert at the Center for European Policy Analysis, also believes Israel's development of more advanced anti-missile systems weighed heavily on its decision to retire the Patriot.

    "Israel's decision to retire its Patriot PAC-2 fire units is in line with the process of modernization and progressive enhancement of its air defense architecture with more advanced capabilities, in particular Iron Dome and David's Sling," Borsari told BI.

    "The latter's Stunner missile, in particular, has a longer engagement range against aerodynamic threats (up to 300 km according to publicly available specifications) compared to the 160 km of the PAC-2's GEM-T missiles," Borsari said. "The two systems have a similar engagement range for ballistic threats, although David's Slings maximum range capability is likely higher than the Patriot's PAC-3 missiles."

    The CEPA analyst noted that David's Sling truck-mounted ELM-2084 radar adds "maneuverability and rapid redeployment" advantages.

    "David's Sling interceptors are also designed to counter saturation, multi-threat attacks like the recent one launched by Iran, thanks to their integration with the shorter-range Iron Dome," Borsari said.

    Bohl pointed out the David's Sling is effective for intercepting "low-flying attacks and/or tracking enemy projectiles."

    He also noted that the Stunner missile is significantly cheaper and, therefore, more cost-effective than its Patriot counterpart.

    Israel previously refused a US request for its vintage Hawk missiles, long in storage and out of service, for Ukraine.

    Analysts believe that might not necessarily be the case with the Patriots.

    "I think it remains entirely possible that Israel countenances a potential transfer of these Patriots back to the United States and hence on to Ukraine from there," Bohl said. "Certainly, from the Israeli perspective, they would consider this fair play, as Russia's war in Ukraine has helped to dry up the much-needed 155 mm ammunition that Israel itself has required."

    If the Patriots don't ultimately end up in Ukraine, it's not inconceivable they could be transferred to a regional country. Jordan requested the US deploy a Patriot missile on its soil in October and helped intercept the Iranian barrage on April 13.

    "Transferring these Patriots to other third-party countries like Jordan or even Gulf Arab allies like the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, or even Saudi Arabia, I think is also in the cards as the United States looks to bolster air defenses region-wide," Bohl said.

    Borsari argues it is crucial for the US and the European countries to acquire the Israeli PAC-2 batteries for Ukraine.

    "While not sufficient to cover the entire front, they would significantly enhance Ukraine's air defense as Russia increases its terrorist attacks against Ukrainian cities," Borsari said. "While Israel has so far resisted calls to provide Ukraine with military support, pressure from the US and others could allow for this transfer."

    "Handing over to Jordan is also possible, although, given the circumstances, Western countries would and should prioritize Ukraine."

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