Joe Biden and Donald Trump debating in 2020. They've agreed to two new debates in 2024 — ones that will sideline decades of tradition.
Jim Watson, Saul Loeb/AFP via Getty Images
The Commission on Presidential Debates has set the showdowns for 37 years.
But this year, Biden and Trump are doing their own thing.
The commission told BI it could still host its planned debates, but Biden and Trump seem to have had enough.
The non-partisan body that's set the locations, moderators, and formats for presidential debates for the past 37 years is suddenly looking obsolete.
Presumptive presidential candidates Joe Biden and Donald Trump went around the Commission on Presidential Debates (CPD) to plan their own debate schedule — starting on June 27 with what will be the earliest general election debate in US history.
That showdown in Atlanta will be unprecedented in other ways. It's the first debate in decades without a studio audience, and appears set to run exclusively on CNN platforms as opposed to multiple major networks.
The CPD told Business Insider in a statement that it was established to ensure debates "reliably take place and reach the widest television, radio, and streaming audience."
"Our 2024 sites, all locations of higher learning, are prepared to host debates on dates chosen to accommodate early voters," the commission continued. "We will continue to be ready to execute this plan."
But Biden and Trump don't seem ready to keep the tradition alive.
In addition to the CNN debate that spurned the commission, the two also agreed to a September 10 debate on ABC, and the Trump campaign suggested two additional showdowns in July and August.
(The CPD traditionally holds three debates beginning in the fall — not four.)
The reworked schedule has materialized as both sides have blasted the CPD. The RNC pulled out of the organization in 2022, claiming it was biased, and the Biden campaign confirmed he would not participate in its scheduled debates this year.
In a letter, Biden campaign chair Jen O'Malley Dillon criticized the commission for "building huge spectacles with large audiences at great expense" and inviting "raucous or disruptive partisans and donors, who consume valuable debate time with noisy spectacles of approval or jeering."
It's a surprising fall from grace for an organization that has, until this cycle, largely worked without complaint from major party candidates — though third-party candidates have complained that the commission's rules box them out.
According to nonprofit tax information filed to the IRS in 2022, the CPD reported having over $7.6 million in assets.
Russian soldiers stand near a new generation air defence system S-400 Triumf, also known as a SA-21 Growler, during their exercises at the anti-aircraft defence military unit near Elektrostal, outside of Moscow on Dec. 2, 2010.
Photo by ANDREY SMIRNOV/AFP via Getty Images
Ukraine has increasingly attacked Russian military and energy facilities with long-range drones.
One weapon Ukraine has turned to is essentially a small sport aircraft packed with explosives.
Kyiv has recently relied on this Cessna-like drone to carry out at least two successful strikes.
Ukraine has in recent weeks relied on an unusual weapon to conduct strikes deep inside Russian territory: a small unmanned aircraft packed with explosives that resembles some variants of the propeller-driven Cessna aircraft.
The light, fixed-wing planes observed in attacks this spring travel at low altitudes and move significantly slower than a long-range missile might, yet they have proven capable of evading Moscow's air-defense systems and traveling unscathed for hundreds of miles to reach their targets deep in enemy territory.
Experts say these aircraft underscore the success of Ukraine's innovative long-range drone program, which Kyiv has employed to go after Russia's military and energy facilities.
In early April, Kyiv used a modified Aeroprakt A-22 Foxbat to attack a drone-making factory in the Republic of Tatarstan in Russia. The small, ultralight sport aircraft was developed and is manufactured in Ukraine and costs less than $90,000 per unit.
The plane can also travel at speeds up to 130 mph (much slower than a cruise missile, which can fly at speeds in excess of 500 mph, or a ballistic missile, which is significantly faster) and be configured with explosives inside the cabin.
Ukraine reportedly attempted additional strikes with drones like thislater in the month, though it is unclear how successful these actually were. Last week, an aircraft that looks similar to the A-22 was spotted in an attack on an oil refinery in the Republic of Bashkortostan, even deeper inside Russia. Multiple open-source intelligence shared footage of the plane soaring unopposed over the facility.
The Ukrainian drones are in fact slow-flying ultralight planes. They flew at least 1,300 km – likely even 1,500 km – before hitting the refinery in Bashkortostan. The Russian air defense is not existent.
Fabian Hoffmann, a doctoral research fellow at the University of Oslo and security expert, previously wrote that "in the world of missile systems" the aircraft is "basically a flying brick."
But while the aircraft may appear crudely put together, it's still a "rather complex weapon system" because the existing airframe and engine still need to be combined with explosives and guidance technology, he later told Business Insider in an interview.
The aircraft seems to operate at a relatively low altitude, as seen in the footage, making it more difficult for radar to track. And if Ukraine can find a corridor that lacks proper air-defense coverage, then the drone can effectively penetrate right through Russian territory, Hoffmann said. Additionally, given its design, the aircraft could also be mistaken for a civilian plane rather than a threat.
That doesn't really excuse Russia's apparent failure to engage them though. In the Tatarstan and Bashkortostan attacks, the aircraft managed to fly for several hours, hundreds of miles into Russian territory without getting shot down by Russia's formidable air-defense systems, which have been a headache for Ukrainian forces on the battlefield.
These drones are loud and slow, rendering themselves vulnerable to visual confirmation along the way, even if a radar doesn't pick them up. Hoffmann said these aircraft should be relatively easy to pick off or defend against by placing air defenses like anti-aircraft guns around critical infrastructure.
Ultimately, he said, that these systems are slipping through suggests that Russia has a capacity issue — with assets tied up either defending the battlefield or key population centers like Moscow and St. Petersburg — and may also be underestimating the Ukrainian threat.
"Once you have countermeasures in place, it should be really easy to shoot this thing down," Hoffmann said. "And the problem is they don't appear to have that."
But establishing adequate countermeasures to consistently and effectively defend against low-altitude, slow-moving threats can be a challenge, and not just for Russia, explained Gordon Davis Jr., a retired US Army major general.
"That's a vulnerability at the moment that the Ukrainians are exploiting to their advantage," Davis, a non-resident senior fellow with the transatlantic defense and security program at the Center for European Policy Analysis, said at an event on drone warfare this week.
Notably, the Cessna-style drone underscores the success of Ukraine's ever-evolving drone program. Since the war began more than two years ago, Kyiv has developed a robust arsenal of homemade, unmanned systems that are capable of long-range strikes on Russian targets in the sea and on the ground.
Russians retrieve the wreckage of Ukrainian kamikaze aircatft, which targeted Alabuga, Republic of Tatarstan (Russia) today.
The aircraft was converted into a drone – A-22 Flying Fox.
The A-22 Flying Fox, also known as the Aeroprakt A-22 Foxbat, is a Ukrainian two-seat,… pic.twitter.com/obdWO5ACNA
These unique weapons have proven to be an invaluable component of Ukraine's war efforts, especially in recent months as the country continues to face some restrictions by Western countries on how to use their military assistance.
The US, for example, has said that it does not want Kyiv to use American-made weaponry to conduct strikes on Russia's sovereign territory, fearing that it could escalate the war. Instead, Washington wants its long-range munitions to be limited to use in Russian-occupied territory of Ukraine. This has so far been the case.
"They're leveraging their domestic capabilities to good advantage, and to strike key infrastructure within Russia," Davis said.
Lance Landrum, a retired US Air Force lieutenant general and another non-resident senior fellow with CEPA's transatlantic defense and security program, hailed the Cessna-style drones as just one example of Ukraine's "innovation and creativity."
"That's one thing about these drones of all different sizes — the small, medium, and large — they can exploit gaps and seams in traditional air-defense systems in ways that traditional offensive systems haven't in the past," Landrum said at the CEPA event.
Michael Cohen and Stormy Daniels dropped a string of bombshells during Donald Trump's $130,000 hush money trial, all pointing toward Trump's knowledge of the bribe.
I recently saw him on Netflix's Drive to Survive TV show, bringing the hammer down on Zak Brown, the head of McLaren's Formula 1 racing team. Google is a big sponsor and Samat wanted to see improvement.
And last month, Samat moved up via a reorg at the top of Google. He's now President of Android Ecosystems, which means he runsAndroid, the world's most popular smartphone platform. This job also includes Android TV, Android Auto, and new augmented and mixed-reality technology.
At Google IO, I got a chance to interview Samat. I started by asking him how AI is changing the smartphone market, competition with Apple, and the distribution of Google's technology.
"AI is having a moment. It's a huge opportunity for the Android ecosystem," he said. "We are going to be very fast-moving to not miss this opportunity. It's a once-in-a-generation moment to reinvent what phones can do. We are going to seize that moment."
With Google's new Gemini AI models, "we can do things that have never been possible on smartphones," he added.
The 800 pound smartphone gorilla, Apple — this was not a word uttered by Samat during the interview. At one point he said "the other OS," referring to Apple's iOS mobile platform, which leads in the US, but still lags far behind Android globally.
More than an app
On that "other OS," Google's Gemini is just an app. On Android, it's way more, according to Samat.
He showed me an example, by pressing and holding the power button on his Pixel 8 phone. This summoned Gemini to appear on top of the YouTube app he was in.
There was a video playing and he asked Gemini questions about the clip. Gemini analyzed the footage and responded from the relevant part of the video. He then pulled out a Samsung S24 and did the same thing, but touched and dragged up from the bottom right of the screen to summon Gemini.
The "System UI" level
This is possible because Google has baked Gemini AI models and assistant technology into the "System UI" level on Android devices. That's below the app level, where the technical important stuff happens.
"You can't do stuff like this if you're just an app on a device," Samat said. "We can do this on Android, so Gemini can come into the situation with context, above or to the side of what's happening."
Without being hemmed into an app, Gemini is free to roam around more of the device and understand the context of what you're doing at any moment.
Samat stressed that this only happens if users summon the AI with intentional actions such as that button press on the Pixel 8 or the swipe on the S24.
On-device AI
He cited another example: On-device AI with the smaller Gemini Nano model. This runs on the Pixel 8 and the S24, with more Android devices coming soon.
This allows Gemini to do useful things while not sending user data to cloud data centers.
One use case for this approach: If you're using an encrypted messaging service on your phone, you can't send that data off to a data center for AI models to process. So an AI assistant or agent can't help you write replies and do other cool stuff when texting.
With Nano, Google has on-device AI that can process these encrypted messages and provide help on crafting replies and taking other actions. None of that data will leave the device, Samat said.
Gemini on iPhones?
Then I asked Samat a big business-strategy question: Does Google want its best Gemini models distributed more prominently on Apple devices?
Google already pays Apple billions of dollars a year to have Search as the default on Safari. Will it do a similar deal to distribute Gemini on iPhones, for instance?
Samat declined to comment. More generally, he said Google's broad goal is to serve all users around the world.
However, he stressed that this doesn't mean the company can't build unique experiences on Android devices, including many new AI experiences.
Circle to Search
He cited Circle to Search as an example. This lets you search for anything you see on your phone screen by simply circling, scribbling or highlighting it. For example, if you're looking at a video and find a hat or sunglasses you want to buy, all you need to do is launch the Circle to Search feature and circle the product.
This works through a combination of Google Search, Gemini AI technology, and Android — something that's not possible on any other platform, Samat said.
These experiences require end-to-end optimization, which is what Google is doing with its Pixel devices and with Samsung, and soon other Android providers.
"AI is a fundamental differentiator for Android. Samsung is a critical part of this, as is Pixel," he said.
"Is this all about our Pixel devices? No!" he added. Samsung and other Android device makers are crucial in this next wave of AI-powered devices, he explained.
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Early Prime Day headphone deals include discounts on Apple AirPods.
Amazon; Walmart; Insider
Every year, Amazon Prime Day offers a fantastic assortment of limited-time deals, including big discounts on headphones across all budgets. Though an exact date hasn't been announced, Prime Day 2024 is set to arrive in July. We'll be rounding up the best Prime Day headphone deals once the event begins.
During last year's Prime Day, many popular headphones from Apple, Bose, and Sony went on sale, and we expect similar savings in 2024. But while the biggest discounts won't pop up until Prime Day officially starts, we're already seeing some excellent deals on headphones right now. Apple's latest AirPods Pro are down to $190, just $10 more than their all-time low. And the Sennheiser Momentum 4, one of our picks for the best noise-canceling headphones, are on sale for $100 off.
Below, you can find all the best early headphone deals ahead of Prime Day. We'll be updating our list with more discounts in the lead-up to Prime Day, so be sure to check back. And for more details, head over to our full Amazon Prime Day guide packed with helpful information.
Best early Prime Day headphone deals
When is Amazon Prime Day?
This year's Amazon Prime Day event will take place in July. However, Amazon has not announced the official date just yet.
Most Prime Day events last 48 hours, so we expect a similar duration in 2024. Last year's Prime Day sale took place from July 11 through July 12.
Are Prime Day headphone deals good?
Prime Day typically offers excellent discounts on headphones. Over-ear models, earbuds, and even gaming headsets sometimes drop to all-time low prices, with deals that often rival those on Black Friday and Cyber Monday.
What headphone deals do we expect for Prime Day?
Based on what we've seen during past sales, it's safe to assume that we'll see Prime Day 2024 headphone deals from popular brands like Apple, Sony, Bose, Beats, Sennheiser, Anker, Jabra, JBL, and Samsung.
Last year, top deals included Apple's AirPods (2nd Generation) for 40% off. The second-gen AirPods are our pick for the best AirPods on a budget, so any additional deals make them an even better value. We also saw Bose's highly-rated QuietComfort 45 Headphones drop to only $200.
Do you need a membership to shop for Prime Day deals?
Yes, Prime Day deals are exclusive to Amazon Prime members. This includes Lightning Deals and Invite-only purchase opportunities, which give access to some of the event's best products and prices on a limited basis. Read more about how to sign up for Amazon Prime.
Chinese car brands are missing from the US market, but Chinese-made cars are still sold in the US.
Americans bought more than 104,000 Chinese-made cars in 2023 and nearly 28,000 in Q1 2024.
Buick, Lincoln, Polestar, and Volvo all sell cars in the US that are made in China.
Of the more than 15 million cars sold in the US last year, none wore the badge of a Chinese car brand.
Chinese EV heavy hitters like BYD and SAIC are conspicuously missing from US showrooms. With the government's existing 27.5% tariffs on Chinese-made cars and Tuesday's new 100% tariffs on Chinese-made EVs imported to the US, the situation isn't likely to change anytime soon.
What some people might not realize, however, is that tens of thousands of cars manufactured in China are sold in the US every year.
Volvo's S60L sedan was one of the first Chinese-made cars to be sold in the US starting in 2016, followed by Buick's Envision SUV and Cadillac's CT6 Hybrid.
According to Automotive News data, US consumers purchased more than 104,000 Chinese-made vehicles in 2023, up 45% from 2022.
Currently, Buick, Lincoln, Polestar, and Volvo sell Chinese-made vehicles in the US. Of those, the only Chinese-made EVs come from Polestar, a brand co-owned by Volvo and its parent company, Geely Automotive. The EV brand imported just 2,217 cars in the first three months of 2024.
It is unclear how the new tariffs will affect Polestar's future production plans. The company eventually plans to move some of its car production to South Carolina in 2024.
In a statement to Business Insider, a Polestar spokesperson said the company is evaluating the Biden Administration's announcement.
Here's a closer look at the Chinese-made cars on sale in the US.
Buick Envision
A 2024 Buick Envision Avenir
GM
When it launched in 2016, the Buick Envision compact SUV was one of the first Chinese-made vehicles sold in the US. The second generation Envision, which arrived in 2021, continues to be made in China at one of the plants GM operates in a joint venture with SAIC. The Envision was Buick's second-best-selling model in 2023, with more than 44,000 vehicles sold.
Last year, Buick sold 167,000 vehicles across its entire lineup in the US, an impressive 61% increase over the previous year. However, this number pales in comparison to Buick's sales in China, which totaled 517,000 units last year.
Lincoln Nautilus
A 2024 Lincoln Nautilus SUV
Lincoln
The Lincoln Nautilus midsize luxury SUV was originally launched in 2019 as a mid-cycle refresh of the existing MKX model. This year, Lincoln launched the all-new second-generation 2024 Nautilus made at Ford's Hangzhou factory operated in a joint venture with China's Changan Automobile.
In past years, the Hangzhou plant produced the Nautilus for the Chinese market, with Ford's Oakville, Ontario, Canada facility handling US versions. However, Hangzhou took on US market production when Ford decided to repurpose the Oakville facility to focus on EVs, CNN reported.
Polestar 2
The 2024 Polestar 2.
Polestar
The Polestar 2 debuted in the US back in 2019. It was the first EV offering from Polestar, previously Volvo's performance division that was spun off by Chinese parent company Geely Automotive and turned into a stand-alone company.
While designed in Sweden, The Polestar 2 is produced at its factory in Chengdu, China.
Polestar 3
The Polestar 3.
Polestar
The Polestar 3 EV is all-new for 2024 and the brand's first SUV. The new Polestar 3 began production in late 2023 at the company's factory in Chengdu, China, alongside the Polestar 2.
Initial US market vehicles will be Chinese-made. However, production for US and European market Polestar 3s will switch over to Volvo's Ridgeway, South Carolina factory this summer.
There's also a Polestar 4 coming to the US, but Renault Korea will make US-market versions of that vehicle at its factory in Busan, South Korea.
Volvo S90
A Volvo S90 Recharge T8 AWD in Platinum Grey
Volvo
The S90, Volvo's flagship luxury sedan, is produced at its Daqing Factory in Northern China. Volvo decided, shortly after its launch in 2016, to move S90 production from its factory in Torslanda, Sweden, to China. The wagon variant of the S90, the V90, is still made in Sweden.
Technology innovation like the Apple Vision Pro are important for marketers to understand and incorporate into their strategies.
Justin Sullivan/Getty Images
Tech developments in virtual reality, 5G, and robotics are just as promising for marketing as AI — but get less attention.
Brands that invest in exploring multiple new technologies will have an advantage.
CMOs must be mindful of the learning curve when embracing new platforms and tech.
When it comes to the trends and technologies shaping marketing today, it's easy to see why AI has dominated the headlines.
The rise of generative AI is a watershed moment for marketers, transforming the landscape for creative expression. To stay relevant in the age of quantum marketing, CMOs must embrace and leverage AI — and the majority of marketers are already beginning to. But it is worth remembering that AI is far from the only emerging technology presenting an outsized opportunity.
In fact, there are two dozen digital technologies disrupting the industry at this very moment, including augmented and virtual reality, 5G, robotics, and wearable devices. The confluence of these technologies will have a profound impact on marketing, influencing every facet of a brand's relationship with consumers.
To survive in this new paradigm, marketers must be open-minded —acting swiftly and smartly to embrace, test and prove the value of these technologies, all while safeguarding consumers' privacy and data.
Broaden your aperture to capture opportunities in emerging tech
Marketers need to face the reality that technology is changing how we can, and should, engage consumers and customers. Skilled marketers forge emotional connections, and that kind of creativity can't be replaced. But new technologies can vastly enhance our creative capabilities, extending our reach and helping us measure results. Achieving this balance creates the best of both worlds and ensures that marketers — not robots — are the ones driving the industry forward.
We are amidst a period of rapid and ongoing shifts in consumer behavior that show no signs of slowing down. For instance, Apple's recent launch of the Vision Pro, with reported sales of 200,000 units, may seem modest, but it serves as a compelling signal for marketers to take note. As AR / VR / MR devices become increasingly mainstream, a wealth of new opportunities will emerge, fundamentally altering how we engage with audiences on these novel platforms.
Mastercard's Artist Accelerator program is a creative way the brand explores new technology through community and music
Mastercard
Invest in innovation, experimentation
Embracing a culture of continuous learning is paramount to ensuring a brand's resilience in the future, yet traditional budgets are predominantly focused on delivering performance and results in the short term. By dedicating a portion of the overall budget to innovation, our focus shifts from merely meeting and beating benchmarks to fostering curiosity in real-time. This allows us to actively—and quickly—explore how emerging tools and strategies can deepen our connection with customers.
At Mastercard, "Sandbox" innovation challenges ask employees to submit ideas that solve a specific problem or embrace a new technology. The enthusiasm for these challenges has been remarkable, as they give everyone the opportunity to think beyond their usual roles and display their creativity. We also set aside a budget to bring key ideas to life.
One example is the Mastercard Artist Accelerator — a tech- and talent-centered music program geared to helping emerging artists create, collaborate and monetize their work using emerging tech like GenAI and Web3. Launched in 2023, the successful initiative went from a Sandbox challenge submission to in-market launch in a matter of weeks.
Prepare to define your own measures of success
It's important to remember that, at the leading edge of marketing, traditional key performance indicators alone may not be a good gauge of success. Emerging platforms might have smaller audiences or non-traditional use cases, making them ill-suited for an apples-to-apples comparison. If you're pursuing a platform or strategy that has yet to be truly harnessed, you don't have the benefit of case studies or established benchmarks.
On the flipside, new data-driven capabilities allow us to connect dots across the consumer journey—proving quantifiable impact whereas we just assumed value before. The upside is that this gives marketers tremendous freedom to determine if, and how, investments are paying off.
Be smart and responsible stewards of data
In a world driven by emerging tech, where every device is getting connected, and every connected device is capturing loads of information, it is not surprising that Marketers possess more consumer data than any other professional group. And marketing substantially contributes to and shapes the data ecosystem.
This underscores the critical role CMOs play in responsibly reshaping our approach to collecting, securing and utilizing the data consumers share with us. Consent and Privacy by Design, a philosophy that minimizes data collection and embeds privacy considerations into every stage of product development, are terrific guiding principles for every business in our rapidly shifting digital landscape.
By embracing change, handling data responsibly and investing in innovation, brand leaders can make emerging tech their stepping stones — not stumbling blocks — as they push the industry forward.
Raja Rajamannar is the chief marketing and communications officer and president of healthcare, at Mastercard
The automaker, which has traditionally avoided advertising, has even spent some money on ads calling for Tesla investors to vote in favor of the compensation plan. Tesla showed in a filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission it had paid for some ads on Google, as well as through Musk's social media site X.
"You deserve the final say on matters affecting your investment in Tesla," one ad on X reads. "Vote FOR the protection of stockholder rights and to preserve present and future value creation by supporting Tesla proposals 3 and 4."
A screenshot of some of the paid ads Tesla ran in support of Musk's pay package proposal.
SEC
The company aims to pass two separate proposals, one moving its state of incorporation from Delaware to Texas and another reapproving Musk's pay, which was struck down by a Delaware judge earlier this year. In January, when the pay plan was voided, Court of Chancery Judge Kathleen St. J. McCormick said that Musk had undue influence over the package due to his close ties to several board members and said Musk's influence over Tesla's board resulted in an "unfair price."
A spokesperson for Tesla did not immediately respond to a request for comment.
Musk does not receive a salary from Tesla and his pay package centered on a series of goalposts around the carmaker's financial growth. The compensation plan was initially set in place in 2018. Specifically, it involves a 10-year grant of 12 tranches of stock options which are vested when Tesla hits specific targets. When each milestone is passed, Musk gets stock equal to 1% of outstanding shares at the time of the grant. Tesla has accomplished all of the 12 targets as of 2023, according to the carmaker.
The package was valued at around $55 billion at the time it was struck down by the judge.
The ad spending is one of several methods Tesla is using to attempt to push shareholders to vote in favor of the proposal. On Wednesday, The Wall Street Journal reported that Tesla's board chair, Robyn Denholm, plans to spend the weeks leading up to the shareholder vote on June 13 traveling in order to drum up support for the initiative. Separately, Bloomberg reported on Wednesday that Tesla had brought on a strategic advisor to promote the agenda.
"We don't believe one judge's opinion should void the will of millions of votes cast by all of the owners of the company," the Tesla chair said in the video. "So once again, we're asking you to make your voices heard by voting for the ratification of the 2018 performance award."
Do you work for Tesla or have a tip? Reach out to the reporter via a non-work email and device at gkay@businessinsider.com or 248-894-6012
A British Airways Concorde takes off from JFK International Airport in New York for the final time on October 24, 2003.
AP
Co-developed by Britain and France, Concorde was the first and only supersonic commercial airliner.
British Airways operated its final commercial Concorde flight in 2003, ending its 27-year career.
The supersonic jet remains an icon of modern aviation and a technological marvel.
For a fleeting 30 years during the 20th century, supersonic commercial air travel was a reality. But on October 24, 2003, that era came to an abrupt end.
That day, British Airways operated its last commercial Concorde service from JFK International Airport to London Heathrow. Air France pulled its Concordes from service a few months earlier. Thus, it would be the Concorde's last ever commercial flight in a career that started in January 1976.
The Anglo-French Concorde was co-developed by BAC, a forerunner of BAE Systems, and Aerospatiale, now a part of Airbus.
The supersonic jet has a storied history.
The Concorde was never the commercial success for which its creators had hoped. Environmental and operational limitations of the Concorde hampered its commercial appeal among airline customers. Only 20 of the planes were ever built, and just 14 of them were production aircraft. The Concorde saw service with only two airlines — Air France and British Airways — on just two routes.
However, its lack of commercial success doesn't diminish its role as an icon of modern aviation and as a technological marvel, one which plane makers and aerospace startups still talk about replicating.
Over 20 years after its last flight for British Airways, the world is still without a viable form of supersonic passenger service.
Here's a look back at the awesome history of the Aerospatiale-BAC Concorde supersonic airliner.
This article was originally published by Benjamin Zhang in October 2018. It was updated by David Slotnick in March 2020 and Talia Lakritz in May 2024.
As soon as Chuck Yeager crossed the sound barrier in 1947, commercial aviation companies began planning to take passengers past Mach 1.
Air Force pilot Chuck Yeager.
REUTERS
"Mach 1" is the speed of sound, or about 670 miles per hour at 30,000 feet, according to the US Air Force.
On November 29, 1962, the governments of France and Great Britain signed a concord agreement to build a supersonic jetliner, hence the name of the plane that resulted: Concorde.
Julian Amery, the British minister of aviation (right), and Geoffroy de Courcel, the French ambassador in London, sign an Anglo-French agreement for the development of the Concorde.
AP
France and Great Britain each agreed to spend between £75 million and £85 million for the development of the plane, the Associated Press reported.
Together, Aérospatiale — a predecessor of Airbus Industries — and the British Aircraft Corporation agreed to produce a four-engine, delta-wing supersonic airliner.
At the same time, engineers in the US and the Soviet Union were working on supersonic airliners of their own.
A Concorde plane.
REUTERS/Viktor Korotayev
The American Boeing 2707 never made it past the drawing board, while the Soviets' Tupolev TU-144 made it into service but was quickly retired because of performance and safety problems.
As part of the agreement, the Concorde was built in the UK and France.
Concorde under construction.
AP
The above photo shows the Concorde being constructed at a British Aircraft Corporation factory in Bristol, UK, in 1967.
The engine selected to power the Concorde was the Olympus 593 turbojet.
A Concorde engine.
AP
The engine was developed by Rolls-Royce/Bristol Siddeley and Snecma.
The Olympus engine's afterburners gave the Concorde its signature smoky takeoffs.
A Concorde jet flies thorugh the air.
AP
Each engine produced 38,000 pounds of thrust.
The Concorde had features found on no other Western commercial airliner, such as the double delta wing.
The wings of a Concorde jet.
AP
Delta wings get their name from the Greek letter delta, which is shaped like a triangle.
Concorde planes also featured an adjustable drooping nose that gave pilots better visibility on takeoffs and landings.
A Concorde with a downturned nose.
AP
In normal flight, the nose and visor were raised.
The Concorde was operated by a crew of three: two pilots and a flight engineer.
The flight deck of a Concorde.
AP
Flight engineers helped maintain the aircraft's center of gravity, cooling systems, fuel transfers, and other crucial tasks.
In 1967, the Concorde was presented to the public for the first time in Toulouse, France.
The Concorde's official presentation in Toulouse, France.
Peter Kem, File/AP
Members of the French Army band and Royal Air Force band played for the occasion.
The first Concorde prototype made its maiden flight on March 2, 1969.
The Concorde gets airborne for the first time.
AP
The maiden flight lasted 27 minutes, the BBC reported. Its first supersonic flight followed on October 1, 1969.
More than a dozen airlines from around the world placed orders for the jet.
A sheet detailing airlines that ordered Concorde planes.
AP
The sleek supersonic jet captivated the public immediately.
But the Concorde soon encountered opposition due to the loud sonic booms that resulted from breaking the sound barrier.
A Concorde flies over the ocean.
Air France/AP
One of the byproducts of supersonic flight is the sonic boom, which can be unpleasant or distressing to those on the ground. As a result, the Concorde was limited to routes over water, with minimal time spent soaring over land.
In addition, residents near airports that were home to the Concorde fleet protested the amount of noise generated by the plane's four massive turbojet engines.
Andre Liblin, who advocated for banning Concorde, protests at the Paris airport.
ROQ/AP
As a result, Concorde flights were further curbed.
Because of environmental and economic concerns stemming from the 1973 oil crisis, most of the Concorde's customers dropped their orders.
Concorde planes at an airport.
AP
This left British Airways and Air France as the plane's only operators.
In total, 20 Concordes were produced, six of which were prototype test planes.
Concorde planes.
AP
Of the 14 production Concordes, seven entered service with Air France and seven entered service with British Airways.
On January 21, 1976, two Concordes — one from each airline — took off simultaneously to mark the plane's first supersonic passenger flight.
France's first Concorde supersonic jetliner prepares for its first commercial flight.
AP
The Air France flight flew to Rio de Janeiro by way of Senegal, while the British Airways plane flew to Bahrain in the Persian Gulf.
Later that year, British Airways started scheduling transatlantic flights between London and New York.
A British Airways Concorde plane.
AP
Cruising at more than twice the speed of sound and an altitude of up to 60,000 feet, the Concorde could cross the Atlantic in just three hours — a major improvement over the seven hours it took for a conventional jumbo jet to make the crossing.
In the beginning, the 100-passenger interior was simple and a bit austere.
The cabin of a Concorde plane.
AP
A display on the jetliner's left bulkhead showed when the plane reached the speed of Mach 2, or twice the speed of sound.
As the clientele became more posh, so did the decor.
A Concorde flight.
AP
Soon, the Concorde became the preferred airborne choice of the rich and famous.
In the 1990s, the Concorde transported celebrities and royal family members.
Frank Sinatra and his wife, Barbara Sinatra, arrive at Heathrow Airport.
Press Association/AP
Frank Sinatra took a Concorde flight to London in 1984 on his way to a charity concert in Monaco.
Sarah Ferguson, the Duchess of York, explored Concorde's flight deck in 1987.
Sarah Ferguson, the Duchess of York, sits on Concorde's flight deck.
Press Association/AP
Ferguson earned her private pilot's license in 1987, and was the first woman in the royal family to do so, UPI reported.
Former British Prime Minister Tony Blair flew to New York aboard a Concorde in 1997.
Tony Blair flies on a Concorde.
Stringer/Reuters
Blair flew to New York to attend a special session of the UN General Assembly.
Rock legend Sting served Champagne to Piers Morgan on a Concorde flight.
Sting and Piers Morgan on a Concorde flight.
Stefan Rousseau/Pool/Reuters
The two rubbed shoulders on a 2001 press flight.
The Concorde even served as the Queen Elizabeth II's royal transport.
Queen Elizabeth II waves from the Concorde.
AP
Queen Elizabeth traveled on Concorde planes for trips to Kuwait, Barbados, Saudi Arabia, and the United States from the late 1970s until the Concorde was retired in 2003, according to the Royal Collection Trust.
Every day, the Concorde fleet was stocked with fine Champagne and Beluga caviar.
Empty bottles of Champagne and a rack of glasses sit on the ground in front of a Concorde supersonic aircraft.
Kevin Lamarque/Reuters
Concorde also had its own special sets of branded china.
The Concorde had a sparkling safety record until July 25, 2000, when an Air France Concorde burst into flames and crashed shortly after taking off.
A Concorde jet bursts into flames after taking off.
AP
The plane caught fire after a blown tire ruptured the Concorde's fuel tanks, and 113 people died in the crash.
All 12 remaining Concordes were immediately grounded.
Concorde planes on a tarmac.
AP
The planes were retrofitted with stronger fuel tanks.
Though the Concorde fleet returned to service in late 2001, the business never recovered.
A Concorde jet flies through the air.
AP
By spring of 2003, Air France and British Airways announced their intention to permanently retire the Concorde fleet.
British Airways executives blamed cuts to Wall Street's travel budgets post-9/11 and skyrocketing maintenance costs for its decision to ground the plane, The Guardian reported.
Air France operated its last commercial Concorde flight from New York to Paris on May 31, 2003.
Air France's final Concorde flight.
AP
Onlookers waved goodbye to the Concorde as it climbed out of JFK Airport.
British Airways operated its last commercial Concorde flight on October 24, 2003, after it completed a farewell tour of the US.
The captain and first officer wave from the cockpit British Airways Concorde after its last flight.
Max Nash/AP
Over the skies of London, the flight out of New York joined up with two other Concordes. Together, the three supersonic jets celebrated the occasion by landing in succession at Heathrow Airport.
In 27 years of service, British Airways' fleet of Concordes made 50,000 flights and carried more than 2.5 million passengers, according to British Airways.
Now, the Concordes have become museum pieces.
A British Airways Concorde on display at he Museum of Flight in Seattle.
Timothy E. Black/AP
There are three places to see a Concorde on display in the United States: the Intrepid Sea, Air, and Space Museum in New York City, the National Air and Space Museum in Washington, DC, and The Museum of Flight in Seattle.
For many, the end of the Concorde represented not just the end of an era, but also a step backward for mankind.
Crowds watch a Concorde in flight.
REUTERS
Despite being a financial flop, the Concorde's status as a technological marvel remains unblemished.
We no longer cross the Atlantic at twice the speed of sound. And we may never again.
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Fitbit; Alyssa Powell/Business Insider
Fitbit's wearables do almost everything. From counting steps and tracking workouts to monitoring sleep patterns and stress levels, the best Fitbit can help improve your well-being. And there are a variety of Fitbit models designed for different types of users.
Our top pick is the Fitbit Sense 2. Although it's an average smartwatch, it's a quality health and fitness tracker offering multi-day battery life, a suite of health-monitoring tools, and comprehensive activity tracking. For a budget pick, we recommend the Fitbit Inspire 3 — an effective entry-level wearable with basic health and fitness tools for less than $100.
We chose our list based on tracking accuracy, fit and comfort, battery life, and ease of use. Although every Fitbit offers similar activity-tracking capabilities, some are better for certain users. Picking the best Fitbit depends on how you intend to use it and the advanced features you need.
Top picks for the best Fitbits
Best overall: Fitbit Sense 2 – See at Amazon The Fitbit Sense 2 is not only the brand's flagship, but it's also the best wearable in its lineup, featuring accurate activity tracking, decent smartwatch capability, and a variety of useful health insights.
Best fitness-tracking: Fitbit Charge 5 – See at Amazon The Charge 5 hits a nice price point while offering stellar activity tracking in a smaller footprint than a standard smartwatch.
Best budget: Fitbit Inspire 3 – See at Amazon Fitbit's Inspire 3 is an excellent entry-level wearable that offers basic health and fitness tracking in a small, comfortable, and budget-friendly package.
Best stylish: Fitbit Luxe – See at Amazon With a stainless steel casing, the Fitbit Luxe is a sleek and unassuming activity tracker with broad appeal for users of any kind.
Best for kids: Fitbit Ace 3 – See at Amazon Fitbit designed the Ace 3 from the ground up specifically for kids as it includes unique parental controls, programmable activity tools, and a variety of fun cartoon themes.
Best overall
Fitbit's flagship, the Sense 2, nails everything a quality fitness tracker should be. It offers a variety of activity tracking and useful fitness insights, tracks sleep, stress, and menstrual cycles, and has built-in GPS and a battery that lasts around five to six days on a single charge.
It does lack in one major area, however: smarts. Though it's touted as a "smartwatch," it doesn't quite stack up in that department the way an effective smartwatch should. For starters, it doesn't offer third-party app support, which is disappointing, and it doesn't allow access to things like Google Assistant. It also can't store or play music.
The Fitbit Sense 2 is a great all-around activity tracker, and although it does lack some standard smartwatch features, it’s still an impressive wearable.
Rick Stella/Insider
But those drawbacks don't equate to being a dealbreaker. The Sense 2 offers a suite of useful health and wellness insights that put it on par with some of the best in the industry. There's a skin temperature sensor, ECG readings, and a real-time stress tracker.
The stress tracker is especially interesting as it not only charts your body's stress levels but also provides feedback on how to lower it and can paint a picture of how your body handles stress overall.
It's also an accurate fitness tracker. Its built-in GPS synced well during our tests and it's compatible with a variety of activities and exercises. Plus, its interface is easy and intuitive to use, making it a great watch for beginners.
If you want a tracker to record your workouts and daily movement, but don't care about fancy features like answering calls via your watch or connecting with Alexa or Google Assistant, the Charge 5 is your watch.
This tracker records and displays all the stats you want from your workout: current and average exercise pace, distance, heart rate zones, total time, steps taken, and calories burned. Within the Fitbit app, you can also see a map of your run, complete with intensity zones showing where your heart rate climbed highest and dipped lowest.
One of its best features is its built-in GPS, which is often a rare inclusion on wearables this small. This allows it to natively provide accurate activity tracking, which is a huge plus for those who don't like to tote their smartphone while working out.
Fitbit
It's not completely without smart features, either. You can sync your calendar and get app updates, as well as text, email, and phone call notifications. The Charge 5 also offers in-depth sleep tracking that charts sleep patterns and habits and allows you to see how much REM, deep, and light sleep you get each night.
The battery life on the Charge 5 is longer than both the Versa and the Sense, too. Plus, the design is smaller and takes up less space on your arm, which is nice for folks with smaller wrists. It's also compatible with a variety of the best Charge 5 bands, which help upgrade its look or make it more useful for certain activities.
Best budget
Fitbit's Inspire line of entry-level activity trackers is the brand's most basic offering. Its latest model, the Inspire 3, features a slim, vertical screen that sits comfortably on your wrist while offering a suite of advanced health and fitness tracking features right at your fingertips. It even has a skin temperature sensor and can track your sleep habits. The original Fitbit has come a long way.
But what makes the Inspire 3 especially attractive is its price, which makes it attractive for beginners or those new to wearing activity trackers. At under $100, it delivers a wearable experience similar to the Sense 2 without the large touchscreen, downloadable apps, or built-in GPS. It's also compatible with a range of the best Inspire 3 bands to change up its look a bit.
Shannon Ullman/Insider
That may seem like the Inspire 3 lacks key features, but those are typically hallmarks of a smartwatch, and the Inspire 3 is a bona fide fitness tracker. That is, it offers straightforward health and fitness features in an easy-to-use and intuitive package. It uses the same fitness tracking tech as all of Fitbit's other wearables, tracks heart rate, skin temperature, and sleep patterns, and even offers the brand's new Daily Readiness Score feature.
That's a lot in such a small, budget-friendly package. Advanced athletes may view the lack of built-in GPS as a dealbreaker but for anyone looking for a basic, straightforward activity tracker, the Inspire 3 is the best Fitbit has.
Although the Fitbit Luxe looks similar to the Inspire 3, it has a few subtle design features that give it some style. There's a stainless steel casing that achieves a nice, clean look for either the office or a night out, a bright AMOLED screen, and the ability to swap out the band for something like a chic mesh or metal option.
As a quality health and fitness wearable, the Fitbit Luxe tracks basics like running and cycling. It offers insights into sleep patterns, stress management, and fitness trends. Some features require a paid subscription to Fitbit Premium (as is the case for several watches in this guide), but even the basic features are highly useful.
The Fitbit Luxe with a classic wristband being held
Lisa Eadicicco/Insider
One area where it lags is in the smartwatch department, but it was never designed to be one in the first place. However, it can still display text and phone call notifications, and you can use things like timers and alarms, but that's about the extent of it. It also has a battery that lasts upward of six days.
Most fitness trackers are inherently designed for adult use. Then, there's the Fitbit Ace 3, an activity tracker designed entirely for kids ages six and up, outfitted with features such as parental controls, a custom kid-friendly stat viewer, and fun customization options.
What makes the Ace 3 great for kids is its whimsical approach. There are band options with Minion-themed designs, as well as colorful custom watch faces. It is also water-resistant up to 50 meters or 164 feet, so kids can wear it in the pool.
Fitbit
One of the Ace 3's best features is its focus on gamification. The wearable offers various challenges and badges that can motivate kids as they achieve a certain step goal or complete an activity.
It's also a great communication tool for parents as it delivers text notifications. What's particularly great about this is that parents can utilize the parental controls to manage exactly what connections are permitted on the watch. These controls are set up via the Fitbit app and require a family account, but they can be customized at any time, with or without the watch nearby.
These parental controls ultimately make it a better purchase for kids than, say, the Inspire 3. While the Inspire 3 offers a similar tracking experience, the ability to customize and tailor everything from the wearable's settings to the specific activity goals makes the Ace 3 a more family-friendly option.
What we don't recommend
Our favorite budget Fitbit that's also a smartwatch rather than purely a fitness tracker, the Versa 3, was discontinued to make way for the Versa 4. However, we cannot recommend the Versa 4, unless the budget smartwatch you're looking for has to be a Fitbit. Even then, you should look at the Pixel Watch 2 from Fitbit's parent, Google, which is a terrific fitness tracker and smartwatch, albeit compatible with Android only.
Rick Stella/Insider
The Versa 4 offers few or no appreciable upgrades over the Versa 3 and actually omits features that made the Versa 3 a great option for the price, including third-party app support and music playback. The Versa 4's watered-down experience would have been acceptable if it had a lower price than the Versa 3, but it has the exact same price tag.
What is Fitbit Premium?
Fitbit Premium is the brand's monthly membership option that offers access to more in-depth health and fitness features like nutrition insights, advanced sleep tracking, and the Daily Readiness Score.
Fitbit
It also provides access to guided meditations, exclusive video workouts, in-depth goal setting, various unique challenges, and other health insights such as blood oxygen level readings, heart rate variability, and breathing rate.
All Fitbit Premium features are accessible via the Fitbit app and do a lot to elevate the base Fitbit experience, especially for wearables like the Sense 2 or Versa 4. The brand does offer a free trial to new Fitbit users, allowing you to test out the service before committing to its recurring membership fee (which costs $10 per month).
How we test Fitbits
In addition to testing past iterations of Fitbit trackers and smartwatches when they launched, I tested each on the list below for several days (some weeks, even) wearing them 24/7 in most cases. I wore each during different workouts, from runs and walks to strength sets and yoga. I also wore the trackers to bed and for mindfulness sessions.
Here are the key features I looked for when testing:
Workout tracking
To successfully record stats during a workout and easily check these as you go, it's important that a watch clearly displays numbers, and quickly and continuously connects to the GPS, particularly if it's built into the watch. I judged the trackers and watches on whether I could easily see my current pace, distance, and time, and if I had quick access to metrics like average pace and heart rate.
The Fitbit Sense 2 has a built-in skin temperature sensor in addition to its heart rate monitor.
Rick Stella/insider
Additionally, I ran another fitness tracking app on my phone to test the accuracy of the watch's distance and pace. For every Fitbit featured, the numbers were always relatively close (and within the normal range you'd find if you compared almost any other fitness tracker).
Because Fitbit offers automatic tracking, I did a few workouts without manually pressing the start button to confirm that it picked up my movement, which it almost always did.
Tracking and comfort while sleeping
I wore these watches and trackers to bed to test the automatic sleep tracking. I checked these stats in the morning to make sure they recorded my time in bed and wake-up times throughout the night. I also wore the devices when occasionally taking naps throughout the day, which they also picked up on.
The devices needed to be comfortable enough to wear all night to get those stats, too. While the bands occasionally stuck to my skin if I got sweaty at night, it never disturbed my sleep — I only noticed this after waking up.
Battery life
I tested the battery life of each Fitbit by charging it to 100% battery and wearing it through workouts, nights of sleep, and throughout the day to see how long each would last. They all surprised me, too — the life lasted even after several workouts, including those using the built-in GPS (which typically drains batteries quickly).
App usability
One huge perk of Fitbit is the built-in stress-reducing apps, so how easy these were to use was a key part of testing. I tried Fitbit's mindfulness program, the Relax app, on all devices, and the EDA scan app on the Sense 2, which contributes to stress management numbers. I looked for ease of use, visuals, and the stats provided after recording a mindfulness session, like changes in heart rate.
FAQs
Are Fitbits worth it?
Yes, especially if you want a reliable fitness wearable. A Fitbit can be beneficial for anyone who keeps active each day, even if that activity is walking a few blocks around the neighborhood or lifting weights at home.
They do an excellent job of counting steps, tracking a wide range of activities, and providing other useful health information like sleep insights and calories burned. You don't need to be an avid fitness pro or athlete to get a lot out of a Fitbit and with so many options in the brand's lineup, finding one that's "worth it" means just picking out the option that best fits your lifestyle.
Plus, Fitbits are device agnostic, so they're compatible with devices running iOS or Android. This makes them one of the best Android smartwatches you can buy, as well as one of the best fitness trackers.
Is a Fitbit better than an Apple Watch?
This ultimately comes down to personal preference. The Apple Watch Series 9 and Ultra 2 are undoubtedly more powerful and full-featured but if you don't need access to a suite of apps, then a Fitbit will suffice. Both watches offer deep tracking capability for activities like running, cycling, and lifting weights, and each comes standard with a user-friendly interface.
One area where Apple outdoes Fitbit is in terms of its ecosystem. Anyone using an iPhone can get more out of an Apple Watch compared to a Fitbit (but as touched on below, it's not always enough to be considered a dealbreaker).
And although the Apple Watch now offers a deep well of fitness and activity tracking capability, it still leans more heavily toward being a smartwatch (similar to Fitbit's Versa line), so if it's basic fitness tracking you're after without the frills, something like Fitbit's Charge would be more your speed.
What are the advantages of owning a Fitbit?
Perhaps the biggest advantage of a Fitbit is that no matter the price point or type (tracker versus smartwatch), it comes with all the foundational features you want in a health and fitness tracker. This includes the ability to automatically track sleep and activity, which is the best thing about the brand, in my opinion.
Then, all the models track pace, distance, and calories burned during your workouts, and calculate your heart rate training zones, including fat burn, cardio, and peak. For sleep, you not only get the total hours you slept, but the time you spent in deep and REM sleep, plus the percentage of time you spent below your resting heart rate.
With some models, these stats are easier to access than others — namely, the Sense 2 and Versa 3 because their larger screens are easier to read at a glance. But even with the smaller, more narrow faces of the Charge 5, the numbers are very large which is nice to have. The Inspire 3 is the hardest to glance stats quickly off of.
The Fitbit app, accessed via your phone, is easy to navigate and displays steps, miles, active zone minutes, daily calorie burns, mindfulness days, exercise, and activity per hour. It also reminds you to take 250 steps per hour. Additionally, you can track your menstrual cycle, food and water intake, and weight (though these require more manual entries).
What are the disadvantages of owning a Fitbit?
The main disadvantage of owning a Fitbit would be its lack of ecosystem outside of the wearable itself and the Fitbit app. The Apple Watch or, for instance, the Samsung Galaxy Watch 5 Pro, each offers advanced compatibility with iOS- and Android-compatible smartphones, respectively. That allows each to offer features specific to those devices and operating systems.
However, this shouldn't be seen as a total dealbreaker. Not being able to customize text responses or notifications doesn't have to preclude you from buying a Fitbit.
What's the battery life like on a Fitbit?
Each Fitbit in the line has top-notch battery life, lasting days even with auto-activity and auto-sleep tracking turned on, so you don't have to worry about charging it every night.
Officially, the battery for all Fitbits featured lasts six to 10 days, depending on the device and your usage. In my experience, the Versa 2, Versa 3, and Sense last an average of six days on one charge, the Charge 5 for seven days, and the Inspire 3 for up to 10 days.
Are Fitbits customizable?
Almost all Fitbits offer plenty of customization options. Each wearable comes with a basic band but all have different colors and material bands you can purchase, from stainless steel mesh for a professional look to expressive prints to more breathable sports bands. The only watch on our list that doesn't offer a sport-specific band is the Inspire 3.
You can also customize the watch faces for aesthetics and readability, and to personalize shortcuts on the devices and what's displayed on the main app page. The Sense 2 and Versa 3 have the most options for watch faces. You can even download third-party designs or use your photos, which you can't do with the other models.
What's the lifespan of a Fitbit?
This depends on the model. While Fitbit releases new models annually, that doesn't always mean the prior generation version becomes unusable. For example, when the Fitbit Versa 4 was released in 2022, the prior generation Versa 3 was still available for purchase and, in some ways, was the better wearable overall (which is why it's in our guide and the Versa 4 isn't).
So, even if you own a Fitbit that's a generation or two older than the current model, rest assured that it's only outdated by its model number and not regarding its actual performance or capability.
Best overall: Fitbit Sense 2
The Fitbit Sense 2 is a great all-around activity tracker, and although it does lack some standard smartwatch features, it’s still an impressive wearable.
Rick Stella/Insider
Fitbit's flagship, the Sense 2, nails everything a quality fitness tracker should be. It offers a variety of activity tracking and useful fitness insights, tracks sleep, stress, and menstrual cycles, and has built-in GPS and a battery that lasts around five to six days on a single charge.
It does lack in one major area, however: smarts. Though it's touted as a "smartwatch," it doesn't quite stack up in that department the way an effective smartwatch should. For starters, it doesn't offer third-party app support, which is disappointing, and it doesn't allow access to things like Google Assistant. It also can't store or play music.
But those drawbacks don't equate to being a dealbreaker. The Sense 2 offers a suite of useful health and wellness insights that put it on par with some of the best in the industry. There's a skin temperature sensor, ECG readings, and a real-time stress tracker.
The stress tracker is especially interesting as it not only charts your body's stress levels but also provides feedback on how to lower it and can paint a picture of how your body handles stress overall.
It's also an accurate fitness tracker. Its built-in GPS synced well during our tests and it's compatible with a variety of activities and exercises. Plus, its interface is easy and intuitive to use, making it a great watch for beginners.
If you want a tracker to record your workouts and daily movement, but don't care about fancy features like answering calls via your watch or connecting with Alexa or Google Assistant, the Charge 5 is your watch.
This tracker records and displays all the stats you want from your workout: current and average exercise pace, distance, heart rate zones, total time, steps taken, and calories burned. Within the Fitbit app, you can also see a map of your run, complete with intensity zones showing where your heart rate climbed highest and dipped lowest.
One of its best features is its built-in GPS, which is often a rare inclusion on wearables this small. This allows it to natively provide accurate activity tracking, which is a huge plus for those who don't like to tote their smartphone while working out.
It's not completely without smart features, either. You can sync your calendar and get app updates, as well as text, email, and phone call notifications. The Charge 5 also offers in-depth sleep tracking that charts sleep patterns and habits and allows you to see how much REM, deep, and light sleep you get each night.
The battery life on the Charge 5 is longer than both the Versa and the Sense, too. Plus, the design is smaller and takes up less space on your arm, which is nice for folks with smaller wrists. It's also compatible with a variety of the best Charge 5 bands, which help upgrade its look or make it more useful for certain activities.
Best budget: Fitbit Inspire 3
Shannon Ullman/Insider
Fitbit's Inspire line of entry-level activity trackers is the brand's most basic offering. Its latest model, the Inspire 3, features a slim, vertical screen that sits comfortably on your wrist while offering a suite of advanced health and fitness tracking features right at your fingertips. It even has a skin temperature sensor and can track your sleep habits. The original Fitbit has come a long way.
But what makes the Inspire 3 especially attractive is its price, which makes it attractive for beginners or those new to wearing activity trackers. At under $100, it delivers a wearable experience similar to the Sense 2 without the large touchscreen, downloadable apps, or built-in GPS. It's also compatible with a range of the best Inspire 3 bands to change up its look a bit.
That may seem like the Inspire 3 lacks key features, but those are typically hallmarks of a smartwatch, and the Inspire 3 is a bona fide fitness tracker. That is, it offers straightforward health and fitness features in an easy-to-use and intuitive package. It uses the same fitness tracking tech as all of Fitbit's other wearables, tracks heart rate, skin temperature, and sleep patterns, and even offers the brand's new Daily Readiness Score feature.
That's a lot in such a small, budget-friendly package. Advanced athletes may view the lack of built-in GPS as a dealbreaker but for anyone looking for a basic, straightforward activity tracker, the Inspire 3 is the best Fitbit has.
The Versa is Fitbit's line of true smartwatches. And while the Fitbit Versa 4 is the latest model, the older Fitbit Versa 3 is the better option.
What makes the Versa 3 especially attractive is its compatibility with third-party apps, which Fitbit scrapped when developing the Versa 4 (perhaps Google wants people to look to the Google Pixel Watch for a true smartwatch experience).
But it's not just the third-party app support that gives the Versa 3 an edge over the Versa 4. It's also a more reliable fitness tracker. Whereas the Versa 4 is plagued by connectivity and tracking issues, the Versa 3 tracks activities like a charm, leaning on its built-in GPS to deliver consistently accurate data.
Plus, it has a similarly large display, useful for glances at real-time stats while you work out. You can easily check total workout time, average pace, and heart rate zones by tapping the watch face, even mid-activity.
Factor in its other health features like sleep monitoring, menstrual cycle tracking, and 24/7 heart rate monitor, and the Versa 3 is much more powerful than the latest model. It's one of the best smartwatches Fitbit sells and the best version of the Versa.
Although the Fitbit Luxe looks similar to the Inspire 3, it has a few subtle design features that give it some style. There's a stainless steel casing that achieves a nice, clean look for either the office or a night out, a bright AMOLED screen, and the ability to swap out the band for something like a chic mesh or metal option.
As a quality health and fitness wearable, the Fitbit Luxe tracks basics like running and cycling. It offers insights into sleep patterns, stress management, and fitness trends. Some features require a paid subscription to Fitbit Premium (as is the case for several watches in this guide), but even the basic features are highly useful.
One area where it lags is in the smartwatch department, but it was never designed to be one in the first place. However, it can still display text and phone call notifications, and you can use things like timers and alarms, but that's about the extent of it. It also has a battery that lasts upward of six days.
Most fitness trackers are inherently designed for adult use. Then, there's the Fitbit Ace 3, an activity tracker designed entirely for kids ages six and up, outfitted with features such as parental controls, a custom kid-friendly stat viewer, and fun customization options.
What makes the Ace 3 great for kids is its whimsical approach. There are band options with Minion-themed designs, as well as colorful custom watch faces. It is also water-resistant up to 50 meters or 164 feet, so kids can wear it in the pool.
One of the Ace 3's best features is its focus on gamification. The wearable offers various challenges and badges that can motivate kids as they achieve a certain step goal or complete an activity.
It's also a great communication tool for parents as it delivers text notifications. What's particularly great about this is that parents can utilize the parental controls to manage exactly what connections are permitted on the watch. These controls are set up via the Fitbit app and require a family account, but they can be customized at any time, with or without the watch nearby.
These parental controls ultimately make it a better purchase for kids than, say, the Inspire 3. While the Inspire 3 offers a similar tracking experience, the ability to customize and tailor everything from the wearable's settings to the specific activity goals makes the Ace 3 a more family-friendly option.
What's Fitbit Premium?
Fitbit Premium is the brand's monthly membership option that offers access to more in-depth health and fitness features like nutrition insights, advanced sleep tracking, and the Daily Readiness Score.
It also provides access to guided meditations, exclusive video workouts, in-depth goal setting, various unique challenges, and other health insights such as blood oxygen level readings, heart rate variability, and breathing rate.
All Fitbit Premium features are accessible via the Fitbit app and do a lot to elevate the base Fitbit experience, especially for wearables like the Sense 2 or Versa 4. The brand does offer a free trial to new Fitbit users, allowing you to test out the service before committing to its recurring membership fee (which costs $10 per month).
How we test Fitbits
In addition to testing past iterations of Fitbit trackers and smartwatches when they launched, I tested each on the list below for several days (some weeks, even) wearing them 24/7 in most cases. I wore each during different workouts, from runs and walks to strength sets and yoga. I also wore the trackers to bed and for mindfulness sessions.
Here are the key features I looked for when testing:
Workout tracking
To successfully record stats during a workout and easily check these as you go, it's important that a watch clearly displays numbers, and quickly and continuously connects to the GPS, particularly if it's built into the watch. I judged the trackers and watches on whether I could easily see my current pace, distance, and time, and if I had quick access to metrics like average pace and heart rate.
Additionally, I ran another fitness tracking app on my phone to test the accuracy of the watch's distance and pace. For every Fitbit featured, the numbers were always relatively close (and within the normal range you'd find if you compared almost any other fitness tracker).
Because Fitbit offers automatic tracking, I did a few workouts without manually pressing the start button to confirm that it picked up my movement, which it almost always did.
Tracking and comfort while sleeping
I wore these watches and trackers to bed to test the automatic sleep tracking. I checked these stats in the morning to make sure they recorded my time in bed and wake-up times throughout the night. I also wore the devices when occasionally taking naps throughout the day, which they also picked up on.
The devices needed to be comfortable enough to wear all night to get those stats, too. While the bands occasionally stuck to my skin if I got sweaty at night, it never disturbed my sleep — I only noticed this after waking up.
Battery life
I tested the battery life of each Fitbit by charging it to 100% battery and wearing it through workouts, nights of sleep, and throughout the day to see how long each would last. They all surprised me, too — the life lasted even after several workouts, including those using the built-in GPS (which typically drains batteries quickly).
App usability
One huge perk of Fitbit is the built-in stress-reducing apps, so how easy these were to use was a key part of testing. I tried Fitbit's mindfulness program, the Relax app, on all devices, and the EDA scan app on the Sense 2, which contributes to stress management numbers. I looked for ease of use, visuals, and the stats provided after recording a mindfulness session, like changes in heart rate.
FAQs
Are Fitbits worth it?
Yes, especially if you want a reliable fitness wearable. A Fitbit can be beneficial for anyone who keeps active each day, even if that activity is walking a few blocks around the neighborhood or lifting weights at home.
They do an excellent job of counting steps, tracking a wide range of activities, and providing other useful health information like sleep insights and calories burned. You don't need to be an avid fitness pro or athlete to get a lot out of a Fitbit and with so many options in the brand's lineup, finding one that's "worth it" means just picking out the option that best fits your lifestyle.
Plus, Fitbits are device agnostic, so they're compatible with devices running iOS or Android. This makes them one of the best Android smartwatches you can buy, as well as one of the best fitness trackers.
Is a Fitbit better than an Apple Watch?
This ultimately comes down to personal preference. The Apple Watch Series 9 and Ultra 2 are undoubtedly more powerful and full-featured but if you don't need access to a suite of apps, then a Fitbit will suffice. Both watches offer deep tracking capability for activities like running, cycling, and lifting weights, and each comes standard with a user-friendly interface.
One area where Apple outdoes Fitbit is in terms of its ecosystem. Anyone using an iPhone can get more out of an Apple Watch compared to a Fitbit (but as touched on below, it's not always enough to be considered a dealbreaker).
And although the Apple Watch now offers a deep well of fitness and activity tracking capability, it still leans more heavily toward being a smartwatch (similar to Fitbit's Versa line), so if it's basic fitness tracking you're after without the frills, something like Fitbit's Charge would be more your speed.
What are the advantages of owning a Fitbit?
Perhaps the biggest advantage of a Fitbit is that no matter the price point or type (tracker versus smartwatch), it comes with all the foundational features you want in a health and fitness tracker. This includes the ability to automatically track sleep and activity, which is the best thing about the brand, in my opinion.
Then, all the models track pace, distance, and calories burned during your workouts, and calculate your heart rate training zones, including fat burn, cardio, and peak. For sleep, you not only get the total hours you slept, but the time you spent in deep and REM sleep, plus the percentage of time you spent below your resting heart rate.
With some models, these stats are easier to access than others — namely, the Sense 2 and Versa 3 because their larger screens are easier to read at a glance. But even with the smaller, more narrow faces of the Charge 5, the numbers are very large which is nice to have. The Inspire 3 is the hardest to glance stats quickly off of.
The Fitbit app, accessed via your phone, is easy to navigate and displays steps, miles, active zone minutes, daily calorie burns, mindfulness days, exercise, and activity per hour. It also reminds you to take 250 steps per hour. Additionally, you can track your menstrual cycle, food and water intake, and weight (though these require more manual entries).
What are the disadvantages of owning a Fitbit?
The main disadvantage of owning a Fitbit would be its lack of ecosystem outside of the wearable itself and the Fitbit app. The Apple Watch or, for instance, the Samsung Galaxy Watch 5 Pro, each offers advanced compatibility with iOS- and Android-compatible smartphones, respectively. That allows each to offer features specific to those devices and operating systems.
However, this shouldn't be seen as a total dealbreaker. Not being able to customize text responses or notifications doesn't have to preclude you from buying a Fitbit.
What's the battery life like on a Fitbit?
Each Fitbit in the line has top-notch battery life, lasting days even with auto-activity and auto-sleep tracking turned on, so you don't have to worry about charging it every night.
Officially, the battery for all Fitbits featured lasts six to 10 days, depending on the device and your usage. In my experience, the Versa 2, Versa 3, and Sense last an average of six days on one charge, the Charge 5 for seven days, and the Inspire 3 for up to 10 days.
Are Fitbits customizable?
Almost all Fitbits offer plenty of customization options. Each wearable comes with a basic band but all have different colors and material bands you can purchase, from stainless steel mesh for a professional look to expressive prints to more breathable sports bands. The only watch on our list that doesn't offer a sport-specific band is the Inspire 3.
You can also customize the watch faces for aesthetics and readability, and to personalize shortcuts on the devices and what's displayed on the main app page. The Sense 2 and Versa 3 have the most options for watch faces. You can even download third-party designs or use your photos, which you can't do with the other models.
What's the lifespan of a Fitbit?
This depends on the model. While Fitbit releases new models annually, that doesn't always mean the prior generation version becomes unusable. For example, when the Fitbit Versa 4 was released in 2022, the prior generation Versa 3 was still available for purchase and, in some ways, was the better wearable overall (which is why it's in our guide and the Versa 4 isn't).
So, even if you own a Fitbit that's a generation or two older than the current model, rest assured that it's only outdated by its model number and not regarding its actual performance or capability.